2009
DOI: 10.4324/9780203885987
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An Introduction to Drugs in Sport

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Cited by 88 publications
(79 citation statements)
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“…However, during the following decades, doping became widespread. This development ran parallel to other processes in elite sport, such as professionalisation, politicisation and commercialisation (Waddington & Smith, 2009). The fact that athletes used drugs did not have any negative effect on the commercialisation of elite sport.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 77%
“…However, during the following decades, doping became widespread. This development ran parallel to other processes in elite sport, such as professionalisation, politicisation and commercialisation (Waddington & Smith, 2009). The fact that athletes used drugs did not have any negative effect on the commercialisation of elite sport.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 77%
“…Coaches, journalists and the broader sporting system of teams, leagues, administrators, broadcasters sponsors and commercial partners insist on what is (for most athletes) unsustainable levels of achievement, yet at the same time emphasise that failure is unacceptable. Disciplines such as elite cycling, for example, embrace cutting edge medical and scientific support, including essential contributions from physicians, support therapists, sport scientists, bio-mechanists and engineers (Brissonneau, 2006;Waddington and Smith, 2008). As a result of such pressures, athletes find themselves in a sporting environment where medical treatments and substances to enhance recovery and sustain performance are promoted as never before.…”
Section: Athlete Vulnerability In Sportmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, such protests have, previously, been limited to particular sports, notably cycling, which has from the earliest days of professional cycling been characterized by a culture of acceptance of drug use (Waddington and Smith 2009 is perhaps surprising that it should also have accused the EU working Party -whose report is written throughout in very considered and restrained language -as being whether athletes simply have to accept that these are the rules of sport will depend partly on the judgement in the court case being brought by the 65 Belgian athletes.…”
Section: The Whereabouts System Civil Liberties and Privacymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is important to recognise that such unplanned outcomes are not unusual aspects of social life for, as Elias pointed out, the normal result of the complex interweaving of the goal-directed actions of large numbers of people includes outcomes which no-one has chosen and no-one has intended. In recent years, Elias's game models (Elias 1970) have been increasingly used to understand how the complexities of the policy process can generate unplanned outcomes, both within sport (Bloyce, Smith, Mead and Morris 2008, Hanstad, Smith and Waddington 2008, Murphy and Sheard 2008, Waddington and Smith 2009) and other policy areas (Dopson and Waddington 1996). Elias's game models have been outlined elsewhere (Dopson and Waddington 1996) and there is no need to repeat that theoretical discussion here, but it is worthwhile highlighting some of the major unplanned outcomes of the development and implementation of WADA's whereabouts policy.…”
Section: Policy Formation and Implementation And Unplanned Outcomesmentioning
confidence: 99%