An investigation into the characterization of the hardening response of sheet metals using tensile and shear tests with surface strain measurement

Abedini, Armin; Narayanan, A.; Butcher, Cliff

doi:10.1016/j.finmec.2022.100090

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It is emphasized that the DP1180 steel used in the study is commercially available. Additional information regarding the characterization of the same lot of DP1180, encompassing its shear behavior, formability, and constitutive properties, can be found in the following works: Khameneh et al [39], Fast-Irvine et al [38], Butcher et al [40], Noder et al [9], and Abedini et al [37,41]. Furthermore, an extensive volume of test data for the same lot of DP1180 steel is publicly available as part of the Numisheet 2022 fracture benchmark on non-linear strain paths [42].…”

Section: Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hardening behavior of the DP1180 was evaluated up to large strains using a miniature tensile specimen (Figure 2a) and the area-reduction method (ARM) of Abedini et al [41] that uses stereo DIC to measure the area of the minimum cross-section and obtain the true stress with a set of empirical correction factors to account for triaxial effects. A modified Hockett-Sherby (MHS) model was calibrated to the hardening data, as shown in Equation (1).…”

Section: Hardening Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Numerical Fracture Characterization of DP1180 Steel in Combined Simple Shear and Uniaxial Tension

Khameneh

Abedini

Butcher

2023

Metals

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Current tests for plane stress characterization of fracture in automotive sheet metals include simple shear, uniaxial, plane strain, and biaxial tension, but there is a significant gap between shear and uniaxial tension. Presently, it remains uncertain whether the fracture strain experiences a reduction between simple shear and uniaxial tension or undergoes an exponential increase as the triaxiality decreases. Fracture in combined simple shear and tension is complicated by premature edge cracking in tension along with a strong sensitivity of fracture strain to the measurement lengthscale. To address these issues, several existing simple shear geometries were modified and evaluated, with a focus on obtaining approximately linear strain paths corresponding to combined uniaxial tension and simple shear suitable for experimental fracture characterization using digital image correlation (DIC). An experimental and numerical investigation was conducted using two planar geometries that do not require through-thickness machining and can be easily tested on a universal test frame. Finite-element analysis was used to investigate the influence of the notch eccentricity on the stress state and predicted fracture location. The most promising geometry in each coupon type was then selected and tested for a dual-phase advanced high-strength steel, DP1180. The performance of the two planar geometries was evaluated based on the linearity of strain and stress state, along with the location of fracture initiation. The best geometry was then used to evaluate and recalibrate the modified Mohr-Coulomb (MMC) fracture locus with data in combined shear and tension. The initial MMC calibration using four fracture tests that suppressed necking provided an accurate estimate for the fracture strain in combined uniaxial tension and simple shear. The MMC model correctly predicted a valley in the fracture strain between these two loading conditions.

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Section: Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hardening Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Fracture Characterization of DP1180 Steel in Combined Simple Shear and Uniaxial Tension

Khameneh

Abedini

Butcher

2023

Metals

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“…IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1306/1/012005 2 Many researchers employ indirect approaches to obtain the material's flow curve, relying on the iterative reduction of target quantities representing the differences between simulation results and experimental data [3][4][5][6][7][8]. One of the proposed inverse approaches is the Virtual Fields Method (VFM), which involves calibrating a predetermined material model to comply with the principle of virtual work [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

True stress-strain identification accounting for anisotropy of sheet metals

Mirone,

Barbagallo,

Bua

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Sheet metals for the automotive industry are subjected to continuous research efforts aiming at ever increasing mechanical performance. A remarkable feature of modern high strength sheet metals is their anisotropy, intrinsic in the technologic process of their production. When the effect of anisotropy on the mechanical response of a material cannot be neglected, specimens along different directions are usually tested, possibly under different stress states, to assess the flow curves and the deforming ratios for each direction and each loading mode. Such data are then used to calibrate many possible plastic anisotropy models available in the literature. In this work, the experimental procedures for determining the stress-strain curve and the anisotropic straining ratio are studied in detail, referring to representative tensile tests along the rolling direction of two anisotropic sheet metals, respectively PHS-1800 steel and 6181 aluminium alloy. Both alloys are ductile and exhibit remarkably long post-necking phases in tension, revealing that, in such cases, the standard procedures for the experimental derivation of the hardening curves and of the anisotropic strain ratios are limited to the very early phases of the material life and miss to cover the major part of the strain range up to failure. Different alternative procedures for the derivation of experimental data and for their postprocessing are considered and compared to each other, identifying a set of guidelines for achieving a good engineering accuracy up to failure in deriving both the stress-strain curves and the anisotropic strains ratios. The above analyses are made on the results of tensile tests at static, intermediate and high strain rate, confirming the generality of the identified procedure.

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“…Various researchers have implemented indirect approaches to derive a material's elasto-plastic curve, often considering the hardening laws used most for automotive sheet metals [3]. The most common method is based on reverse engineering, in which, after various iterations, the error function between the output results from finite element simulations and the experimental data [4][5][6][7][8][9] is minimized. The inverse material FE-based characterization was used by Peirs et al [10] in order to extract the flow curve in Ti6Al4V round specimens at high strain rates for tensile and shear load conditions, while Tardif and Kyriakides [11] conducted a campaign of uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests in order to inversely calibrate an anisotropic yield function and then characterize the mechanical behaviour of Al6061-T6 sheet metals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Procedure for the Post-Necking Stress-Strain Curves of Anisotropic Sheet Metals

Mirone,

Barbagallo,

Bua

et al. 2023

Metals

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Modelling the anisotropic plasticity of a metal requires the derivation of various experimental flow curves from specimens machined along different orientations and, depending on the anisotropy model, tested under different loading modes (tension, compression, torsion). The derivation of stress–strain curves from tensile experiments is a common practice within the uniform straining range but still presents some uncertainties after necking onset. Modern sheet metals, for structural applications where significant energy absorption is required, may exhibit early necking and prolonged post-necking ductility; when such alloys also exhibit pronounced anisotropy, the derivation of their flow curves may be challenging, whatever the loading mode or the specimen direction. This work examines the experimental procedures for determining the true-stress–true-strain curve and the anisotropic strain ratio, extended over the post-necking range and up to failure, from representative tensile tests along the rolling direction of PHS-1800 steel and aluminum 6181 alloy. The validity ranges of different standard procedures for stress–strain derivation are investigated to understand when and how fast the typical true-stress–true-strain data start to depart from the effective material response. Other considerations, based on simple experimental and post-processing procedures, aim at a procedure delivering useful information about the material response over the post-necking range and up to failure. The procedure to retrieve post-necking true curves and anisotropy ratios is then applied to tensile tests at static, intermediate, and high strain rates on the two sheet metals of interest.

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An investigation into the characterization of the hardening response of sheet metals using tensile and shear tests with surface strain measurement

Cited by 18 publications

References 41 publications

Experimental and Numerical Fracture Characterization of DP1180 Steel in Combined Simple Shear and Uniaxial Tension

Experimental and Numerical Fracture Characterization of DP1180 Steel in Combined Simple Shear and Uniaxial Tension

True stress-strain identification accounting for anisotropy of sheet metals

A Simple Procedure for the Post-Necking Stress-Strain Curves of Anisotropic Sheet Metals

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