An investigation into the relationship between the reported experience of negative life events, trait stress-sensitivity and false confessions among further education students in Iceland

Drake, Kim E.; Gudjónsson, Gisli H.; Sigfúsdóttir, Inga Dóra; Sigurðsson, Jón Friðrik

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.09.007

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the case of such vulnerable detainees, intellectual disability and mental functioning may be the prevailing reason driving compliance. The figure reported by the Royal Commission though does not take into account detainees within the general population who are without intellectual disability or clinical disorder but could nonetheless still find it difficult to cope with the pressure of questioning due to inherent psychological characteristics, such as high levels of trait anxiety and stress sensitivity (Belsky & Pluess, 2009;Drake, 2014;Drake, Gudjonsson, Sigfusdottir & Sigurdsson, 2015). Witnesses also reside within the general population (Herv e, Cooper & Yuille, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating gender differences in the factor structure of the Gudjonsson Compliance Scale

Drake

Egan

2015

Legal Criminol Psychol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The Gudjonsson Compliance Scale (GCS) remains, in terms of its psychometrics, an under‐researched instrument, in which gender differences in particular have been insufficiently examined. The aim of this research was to therefore investigate the effect of gender on the factor structure of the GCS. Method The GCS was administered to 441 females and 250 males. The data were factor‐analysed, with 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, and 4‐factor solutions tested and compared. Procrustean rotation was applied to the male factor loading matrix to investigate structural equivalence across gender. Results Although a 3‐factor solution was the best fit to the male GCS data, a 4‐factor solution was the most acceptable fit to the female data. Whilst each of the factors had a high degree of determinacy, the identity coefficients indicated that these factors differ non‐trivially across gender. Conclusion The GCS may measure different aspects of compliance across males and females, which may explain the gender differences in compliance found within the literature to date. The work also allows insight into why males and females may end up complying with police requests, which might ultimately help to inform strategies, implemented by police, to manage vulnerable general population suspects and witnesses. There is a need now to further investigate the structure of compliance across ethnic groups and/or countries where the GCS is administered.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating gender differences in the factor structure of the Gudjonsson Compliance Scale

Drake

Egan

2015

Legal Criminol Psychol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Though such survey data reveal more about lifetime risk of false confession, rather than vulnerability within a specifi c interrogation, Gudjonsson et al ( 2012 ) suggest this is mediated in part through the effects of such life experiences on traits associated with compromised self-regulation and with heightened suggestibility (such as emotional reactivity: e.g., Drake et al, 2015 ). Review of personality traits associated with race is beyond the scope of this chapter, however.…”

Section: Associations Between Race and Established Risk Factors For Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrogation and the Minority Suspect: Pathways to True and False Confession

Villalobos

Davis

2016

Advances in Psychology and Law

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eddie Torbio-Ruiz was asked to come to the police station in Reno, Nevada, voluntarily, to discuss allegations that he had sexually molested his girlfriend's two underage granddaughters. Although Eddie's native language was Spanish and he spoke English poorly, he was interrogated by English-speaking Detective Curtis Lampert. After asking a series of background questions, Lampert began an accusatory interrogation designed to cause Eddie to admit to the accusations against him. Throughout the interrogation, Lampert spoke faster than even native English speakers would understand easily. Though Eddie appeared superfi cially to understand Lampert, his problems with understanding became clearer as the interrogation progressed.Eddie initially denied all allegations, but Detective Lampert was a master interrogator who very cleverly enacted strategies interrogation scholars have shown to promote both true and false confessions. As Lampert used these strategies to move Eddie from denial to admission, Eddie appeared to admit to sexually abusive behaviors with the girls. But at several points he answered "yes" to questions or assertions that he had committed specifi c actions toward the girls, only to answer with a vehement "Oh, no!" when asked the very same question only a short time later. At many points in the interrogation, it was diffi cult to clearly infer that he knew what he had been asked, what he was responding to, or whether he and Detective Lampert were talking about the same things. Perhaps the clearest indicator of Eddie's misunderstanding came after he had been charged. When his attorney, Jennifer Lunt, tried to tell him the implications of his confession, Eddie denied that

show abstract

“…As stated, a significant factor that could result in a wrongful conviction is false confession. The theoretical and research literature dealing with the issue of wrongful convictions catalogues a large number of internal and external factors, whether rational or otherwise, that could result in a person admitting to an act he did not commit (Gudjonsson et al, 2012;Drake, Gudjonsson, Sigfusdottir, & Sigurdsson, 2014). Lately, cracks have appeared in the status of confession as the "queen of evidence" in criminal law.…”

Section: Organizational and Forensic Aspects Rel-ating To Investigatimentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three-dimensional Perspective on Wrongful Convictions in Israel: Organizational-Forensic, Psychosocial and Practical

Peled-Laskov

Shoham

2015

Int. J. Criminol. Sociol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is difficult to find an injustice committed against the citizen by the state that is greater than the conviction of an innocent person. At this stage, it may be tentatively stated that the phenomenon is not insignificant. This theoretical article describes the various aspects of the criminal justice system associated with the undesirable outcome of wrongful convictions. The paper reviews a series of organizational and forensic aspects that could bring about a bias in investigation of the legal truth. Furthermore, a number of psychosocial aspects relating to wrongful convictions, followed by practical aspects are described and discussed. It appears that on the practical level the phenomenon cries out for changes in the law enforcement system (e.g. implementation of the US Innocence Project or the biometric databank) and the need for empirical investigation. It appears that there is still a long way to go before a full understanding can be obtained of wrongful convictions and their prevention. One way or another, the authors are of the opinion that greater academic and public importance should be assigned to the question of wrongful convictions and perhaps turn the issue of truth and falsehood in criminal law into a theoretical and research field in its own right.

show abstract

An investigation into the relationship between the reported experience of negative life events, trait stress-sensitivity and false confessions among further education students in Iceland

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Investigating gender differences in the factor structure of the Gudjonsson Compliance Scale

Investigating gender differences in the factor structure of the Gudjonsson Compliance Scale

Interrogation and the Minority Suspect: Pathways to True and False Confession

A Three-dimensional Perspective on Wrongful Convictions in Israel: Organizational-Forensic, Psychosocial and Practical

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About