An investigation of Hellenistic period pottery production technology from Harabebezikan/Turkey

İssi, Ali; Kara, Alpagut; Ahmet, Oğuz

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.04.001

Cited by 40 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Microcline (potassium feldspar) was still present at 1000 °C but the peaks were weak (25-26° 2θ). This result was in agreement with the data from the literature [26,27]. The decrease of microcline started at 900 °C.…”

Section: Ceramicssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The minerals present in the clay material were quartz, kaolinite, biotite, potassium feldspar, and plagioclase. Quartz, potassium feldspar and plagioclase are stable even at high temperatures, so that they cannot be considered for the estimation of the firing temperature [24,26]. The XRD patterns of the fired clays showed the decay of kaolinite between 400-500 °C.…”

Section: Estimation Of the Firing Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of some archaeological ceramics and clay samples from Zamala - Far-northern part of Cameroon (West Central Africa)

et al. 2017

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Seventeen ceramics samples (515±95 BP, about 580 years old) and two clay raw materials from Zamala (Far-northern, Cameroon) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (DTA/TG) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The aim of the work was the deduction of the production technology and provenance of these ceramics. With the exception of one sample the analysed ceramics formed a homogeneous chemical and mineralogical group. The observed mineralogical phases were quartz, mica (biotite), potassium feldspar (microcline) and plagioclase (albite and oligoclase). The XRD study of two local clays yielded the presence of quartz, kaolinite, mica, feldspar and plagioclase. The presence of the broad endothermic peak in the DTA/TG curves of the clays and its absence in the curves of the ceramics indicated that the firing temperature of the ceramics was above 550-600 °C, which is the temperature of the kaolinite-metakaolinite transformation. The firing experiments of the clay between 400-1200 °C in oxidizing atmosphere showed that mica disappeared above 900 °C. Therefore, the firing temperature of the sherds should have been between 600-900 °C. The chemical correlation between ceramics and local clay materials pointed out to a local production of these ceramics. Keywords: Zamala, Cameroon, archaeological ceramics, clays, characterization, production technology, provenance. Resumo Dezessete amostras de cerâmica (515±95 AP, cerca de 1435 d.C.) e duas argilas de Zamala (Extremo Norte, Camarões) foram caracterizadas por difração de raios X (DRX), análise térmica (DTA/TG) e espectroscopia de fluorescência de raios X. O objetivo do trabalho foi a dedução da tecnologia de produção e proveniência dessas cerâmicas. Com exceção de uma amostra, as cerâmicas analisadas formaram um grupo químico e mineralógico homogêneo. As fases mineralógicas observadas foram quartzo, mica (biotita), feldspato de potássio (microclínio) e plagioclásio (albita e oligoclásio

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Section: Ceramicssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Estimation Of the Firing Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of some archaeological ceramics and clay samples from Zamala - Far-northern part of Cameroon (West Central Africa)

et al. 2017

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“…Because of the strong heterogeneity of the material, Raman spectroscopy is not the best technique to obtain the average composition of a ceramic because it is mostly a ‘point’ technique, analysing a very small amount of material in each measurement, and because of the large difference in scattering efficiency of the different minerals . Nevertheless, especially when used in combination with different, more averaged ‘volume’ techniques, such as X‐Ray diffraction (XRD) or neutron diffraction, Raman spectroscopy can give interesting results, especially on the minor phases, hardly detected with other techniques, in a noninvasive way. For that reason, the coupling of Raman spectroscopy with optical or electron microscopy and a diffraction technique is the most typical combination in publications involving Raman study of ceramics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectroscopy of minerals and mineral pigments in archaeometry

Bersani

Lottici

2016

J Raman Spectroscopy

147

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Minerals, as raw structural materials or pigments, play a fundamental role in archaeometry, for the understanding of nature, structure and status of an artefact or object of interest for cultural heritage. A detailed knowledge of the mineral phases is crucial to solve archaeological problems: Raman spectroscopy is a powerful investigation technique and has been applied extensively in the last 30 years on mineral identification and on pigment degradation. Here we report an updated review, covering the last decade, of the applications of Raman techniques to issues in which raw minerals, including mineral pigments, are involved. Particular attention is devoted to cases where the Raman analysis of minerals is deeper than a simple identification of the phases present in an archaeological or artistic object. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…For this reason, quartz mineral exists in all samples. Quartz and feldspars can persist up to 1000°C (İssi et al [7]). Gehlenite begins to form at 800°C and disappear at 900°C (Veniale [8]).…”

Section: Mineralogical/phase Analysis Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Hellenistic period pottery production technology from the Seyitömer Mound (Kütahya/Turkey)

Serkaya

İssi

et al. 2015

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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Anatolia has hosted many civilizations from ancient times to the present. There are many settlements belonging to past civilizations. One of them is the Seyitömer Mound. The Seyitömer Mound is located 25 km northwest of Kütahya. It is a 5,000 year-old mound. It has been enlightened that the Seyitömer Mound has been inhibited by civilizations in the Bronze Age, Achaemenid, Hellenistic and Roman periods. From the excavations performed between 2006 and 2013, over 7,000 inventorial and 20,000 finds to be examined have been delivered to the Archaeological Museum of Kütahya and 1,381 artifacts have been exhibited in one of the first private museums belonging to archaeological excavation sites in Turkey at Dumlupınar University. In this study, chemical and mineralogical/phase composition of 30 pottery body sherds unearthed in the Seyitömer Mound belonging to the Hellenistic Period (334-330 BC) have been investigated. Chemical analysis of samples was obtained by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) and mineralogical/phase composition was obtained by Xray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microanalysis technique (EDX) were performed for microstructural and microchemical analysis. Thermal analysis (TG-DTA) was also employed as a complementary characterization technique to estimate firing temperature of the potsherds. From the results, ceramic bodies have been produced from clay deposits rich in iron, containing illitic type minerals and carbonated minerals such as calcite and dolomite. Raw materials contain calcite-rich and magnesium minerals. Firing temperatures of the potsherds range from 600°C to 1100°C.

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An investigation of Hellenistic period pottery production technology from Harabebezikan/Turkey

Cited by 40 publications

References 23 publications

Characterization of some archaeological ceramics and clay samples from Zamala - Far-northern part of Cameroon (West Central Africa)

Characterization of some archaeological ceramics and clay samples from Zamala - Far-northern part of Cameroon (West Central Africa)

Raman spectroscopy of minerals and mineral pigments in archaeometry

Investigation of the Hellenistic period pottery production technology from the Seyitömer Mound (Kütahya/Turkey)

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