An Investigation of NO<sub>2</sub>Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Fumigated with H<sub>2</sub>and Natural Gas

Liu, Shiyu; Li, Hailin; Gatts, Timothy; Liew, C.; Wayne, Scott; Thompson, Gregory; Clark, Nigel N.; Nuszkowski, John

doi:10.1080/00102202.2012.695828

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The addition of NG to the diesel engine significantly increased NO2 emissions and NO2/NOx ratio. The maximum NO2 emissions from the dual fuel engine were about three (at 70% load) to five (at 10% load) times of those observed with diesel only operation [12]. A similar phenomenon has been reported with the addition of H2 [12,13,[55][56][57].…”

Section: No2 Emissions From Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginesupporting

confidence: 73%

“…However, the operation of NG-diesel dual fuel engine has been criticized for its excessive emissions of unburned CH4, and CO, the incomplete combustion product of unburned CH4, and also possible diesel fuel. The experimental research on NOx emissions from dual fuel engines [12,13] reported the significant impact of the addition of NG and hydrogen (H2) on NO2…”

Section: Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

“…emissions from dual fuel engines. Extensive experimental research has been conducted to examine the factors affecting the ignition delay, combustion process, and the emissions of CH4, CO, NOx and NO2 from dual fuel engines [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Karim [3] classified the energy release rate of dual fuel combustion into three modes including: (1) the ignition of diesel fuel; (2) the concurrent combustion of diesel and NG presented within the diesel spray plume, (3) the combustion of diesel free NG-air mixture. Liu et al [12] discussed the pathways for CH4 to be consumed in a HD dual fuel engine. These include: (1) the concurrent combustion of CH4…”

Section: Ch4 Emissions From Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recent research on NOx emissions from NG-diesel dual fuel engines reported a significant impact of the addition of NG to intake mixture on NO2 emissions, especially at low load [12]. For example, Liu et al [12] experimentally investigated the NO2 emissions from a HD diesel engine fumigated with NG or H2. The NO2 emissions from the diesel engines were affected by the load of engine operation.…”

Section: No2 Emissions From Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Numerical Investigation of Natural Gas-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Combustion and Emissions Using CFD Model

Yu¹

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Natural gas (NG)-diesel dual fuel engines have been highlighted for their fuel flexibility and high thermal efficiency comparable to diesel engines. However, the addition of NG to compression ignition diesel engines was reported to elongate ignition delay and to increase the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), unburned methane (CH4), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Past research on dual fuel engines has focused on the experimental research on the engine performance, combustion process, and exhaust emissions. The research on detailed mechanism dominating the impact of CH4 on formation of CO and NO2 in cylinder, and the mechanism for CH4 to survive the combustion process and slip through the cylinder is limited. The examinations of these mechanisms require the simulation of dual fuel engine combustion using a CFD model coupled with chemical kinetic mechanism. This research numerically investigates the combustion process and exhaust emissions from two NG-diesel dual fuel engines using a CFD model coupled with a reduced primary reference fuel (PRF) chemistry. The CFD model used is Converge-SAGE model with a maximum of 300000 grid points. The fuel chemistry used is a reduced PRF mechanism with 45 species and 142 reactions including a reduced NOx mechanism with 4 species and 12 reactions. The CFD model with reduced PRF chemistry has been validated against experimental data measured in a single-cylinder compression-ignition engine over a wide range of CH4 substitution ratio. A post-processing tool has been developed to calculate, analyze, and visualize the instantaneous rate of production (ROP) of key species in each cell with the known temperature, pressure, and species concentration exported by CFD code. The simulation results are further post-processed to numerically investigate the combustion process and the formation mechanism of CO, and NO2 in a dual fuel engine. The mechanism for CH4 to survive the main combustion process and post-combustion oxidation process is numerically examined. The research on NO2 formation identified NO+HO2→NO2+OH as the key reaction dominating the increased formation of NO2 in dual fuel engines. The HO2 necessary for the formation of NO2 emitted by the engine is produced through the post-oxidation of CH4 that survived the main combustion process. The CO emitted from the NG-diesel dual fuel engine is formed through the oxidation of CH4 during the late

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Section: No2 Emissions From Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginesupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ch4 Emissions From Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: No2 Emissions From Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Numerical Investigation of Natural Gas-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Combustion and Emissions Using CFD Model

Yu¹

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Performance, emission, energy and exergy analyses of gasoline fumigated DI diesel engine

Bharathiraja¹,

Venkatachalam²,

Senthilmurugan

2018

J Therm Anal Calorim

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A numerical investigation on methane combustion and emissions from a natural gas-diesel dual fuel engine using CFD model

Guo

et al. 2017

Applied Energy

107

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An Investigation of NO₂Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Fumigated with H₂and Natural Gas

Cited by 22 publications

References 42 publications

A Numerical Investigation of Natural Gas-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Combustion and Emissions Using CFD Model

A Numerical Investigation of Natural Gas-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Combustion and Emissions Using CFD Model

Performance, emission, energy and exergy analyses of gasoline fumigated DI diesel engine

A numerical investigation on methane combustion and emissions from a natural gas-diesel dual fuel engine using CFD model

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An Investigation of NO2Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Fumigated with H2and Natural Gas

Cited by 22 publications

References 42 publications

A Numerical Investigation of Natural Gas-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Combustion and Emissions Using CFD Model

A Numerical Investigation of Natural Gas-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Combustion and Emissions Using CFD Model

Performance, emission, energy and exergy analyses of gasoline fumigated DI diesel engine

A numerical investigation on methane combustion and emissions from a natural gas-diesel dual fuel engine using CFD model

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An Investigation of NO₂Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Fumigated with H₂and Natural Gas