This chapter draws a picture of literature on some concepts that have an impact on education and teacher education, with a particular reference to English language teacher education and teachers' competences. The review starts with defining the concepts of international education and multiculturalism, then identifies some of their dimensions, paving the way for explaining how these concepts are situated in literature, and how they are used by other researchers and educational specialists globally, particularly in such a context which English is viewed as the lingua franca of the modern world.