An investigation of the changes in poly(methyl methacrylate) specimens after exposure to ultra-violet light, heat, and humidity

Miller, David C.; Carloni, Joseph D.; Johnson, David K.; Pankow, Joel; Gjersing, Erica; To, Bobby; Packard, Corinne E.; Kennedy, Cheryl; Kurtz, Sarah

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2012.05.043

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…According to the literature, PV module performance can be degraded due to several factors such as: temperature [38], humidity [39], irradiation [40], corrosion [41], discoloration [42], and delamination [43]. The most important electrical characteristics of a PV module are the current voltage (I-V) [44] and power voltage (P-V) curves [45], short-circuit current (Isc) [46], open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF) [47], and maximum power output (Pmax) [48].…”

Section: Description Of the Proposed Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Prognostic Framework for Degradation Assessment and Remaining Useful Life Estimation of Photovoltaic Module

Laayouj

Jamouli

Hail

2016

J. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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Abstract. All industrial systems and machines are subjected to degradation processes, which can be related to the operating conditions. This degradation can cause unwanted stops at any time and major maintenance work sometimes. The accurate prediction of the remaining useful life (RUL) is an important challenge in condition-based maintenance. Prognostic activity allows estimating the RUL before failure occurs and triggering actions to mitigate faults in time when needed. In this study, a new smart prognostic method for photovoltaic module health degradation was developed based on two approaches to achieve more accurate predictions: online diagnosis and data-driven prognosis. This framework of forecasting integrates the strengths of real-time monitoring in the first approach and relevant vector machine in the second. The results show that the proposed method is plausible due to its good prediction of RUL and can be effectively applied to many systems for monitoring and prognostics.

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Section: Description Of the Proposed Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Prognostic Framework for Degradation Assessment and Remaining Useful Life Estimation of Photovoltaic Module

Laayouj

Jamouli

Hail

2016

J. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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“…The artificial weathering of more contemporary PMMA formulations is examined in Ref [43]. These specimens were examined periodically after steady-state artificial aging up to 1,080 cumulative days using a source irradiance of 114 W•m -2 (for 300400 nm), chamber temperature of 60 °C, and chamber relative humidity (RH) of 60%.…”

Section: Literature Review: Anticipated Lens Durability Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences in the degradation of the two materials in Ref. [43] were attributed to the material formulation. Although not described in Ref.…”

Section: Literature Review: Anticipated Lens Durability Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An end of service life assessment of PMMA lenses from veteran concentrator photovoltaic systems

Miller

Khonkar

Herrero

et al. 2017

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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The optical performance of poly(methyl methacrylate) lenses from veteran concentrator photovoltaic modules was examined after the end of their service life. Lenses from the Martin-Marietta and Intersol module designs were examined from the “Solar Village” site near Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, as well as the Phoenix Sky Harbor airport, followed by the Arizona Public Service Solar Test and Research (APS-STaR) center in Tempe, Arizona. The various lens specimens were deployed for 20, 27, and 22 years, respectively. Optical characterizations included lens efficiency (Solar Simulator instrument), material transmittance and haze (of coupons cut from veteran lenses, then measured again after their faceted back surface was polished, and then measured again after the incident front surface was polished), and direct transmittance (as a function of detector's acceptance angle, using the Very Low Angular Beam Spread (“VLABS”) instrument). Lens efficiency measurements compared the central region to the entire lens, also using hot and cold mirror measurements to diagnose differences in performance. A series of subsequent characterizations was performed because a decrease in performance of greater than 10% was observed for some of the veteran lenses. The optimal focal distance of the lenses was quantified using the Solar Simulator, and then correlated to lens curvature using a recently developed measurement technique. Surface roughness was examined using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Facet geometry (tip and valley radius) was quantified on cross-sectioned specimens. Molecular weight was compared between the incident and faceted surfaces of the lenses

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“…These lenses have traditionally been manufactured out of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) by hot embossing, casting, extruding, laminating, compression molding, or injection molding [2][3][4]. PMMA which is widely used in optical components is a typical transparent amorphous polymer with special features like light weight, good flexibility, high strength, resistance to corrosion, excellent dimensional stability and light transmittance [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat treatment effect on erosion behavior of poly(methylmethacrylate) for optical transmittance efficiency

Çoban

2014

Applied Surface Science

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An investigation of the changes in poly(methyl methacrylate) specimens after exposure to ultra-violet light, heat, and humidity

Cited by 29 publications

References 43 publications

Intelligent Prognostic Framework for Degradation Assessment and Remaining Useful Life Estimation of Photovoltaic Module

Intelligent Prognostic Framework for Degradation Assessment and Remaining Useful Life Estimation of Photovoltaic Module

An end of service life assessment of PMMA lenses from veteran concentrator photovoltaic systems

Heat treatment effect on erosion behavior of poly(methylmethacrylate) for optical transmittance efficiency

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