An Investigation of the Mechanisms of Electronic Sensing of Protein Adsorption on Carbon Nanotube Devices

Chen, Robert J.; Choi, Hee Cheul; Bangsaruntip, Sarunya; Yenilmez, Erhan; Tang, Xiaowu Shirley; Wang, Qian; Chang, Ying‐Lan; Dai, Hongjie

doi:10.1021/ja038702m

Cited by 515 publications

(397 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The observed changes in conductance at a given V G have been attributed to two phenomena: Schottky barrier modulation at the nanotube-metal contact [102,104] and chemical gating at the nanotube channel. [100,105] Dai and Tang performed selective coverage of either SD contacts or the SWNT with a variety of chemical passivating agents.…”

Section: Transistor Based Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotubes for Electronic and Electrochemical Detection of Biomolecules

2007

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The unique electronic and optical properties of carbon nanotubes, in conjunction with their size and mechanically robust nature, make these nanomaterials crucial to the development of next-generation biosensing platforms. In this Review, we present recent innovations in carbon nanotube-assisted biosensing technologies, such as DNA-hybridization, protein-binding, antibody-antigen and aptamers. Following a brief introduction on the diameter-and chirality-derived electronic characteristics of single-walled carbon nanotubes, the discussion is focused on the two major schemes for electronic biodetection, namely biotransistor-and electrochemistry-based sensors. Key fabrication methodologies are contrasted in light of device operation and performance, along with strategies for amplifying the signal while minimizing nonspecific binding. This Review is concluded with a perspective on future optimization based on array integration as well as exercising a better control in nanotube structure and biomolecular integration.

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Section: Transistor Based Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotubes for Electronic and Electrochemical Detection of Biomolecules

2007

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“…Thus, the conductivity of the p-type CdTe-Au-CdTe nanowire increases when complementary ssDNA(II) fragments hybridize to the receptor ssDNA(I) fragments. Although changes in conductivity could happen when sensing species that could bind nonspecifically, 40 a remedy is to apply subsequent washing steps to reduce and eliminate the possibility of nonspecific sensing. No covalent linkage between ssDNA fragments and a bare metal electrode can form; hence any ssDNA fragments that are nonspecifically adsorbed can be rinsed off after the hybridization step.…”

Section: Scheme 1 Schematic Diagram Of Template Growth Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisegment Nanowire Sensors for the Detection of DNA Molecules

2008

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We describe a novel application for detecting specific single strand DNA sequences using multisegment nanowires via a straightforward surface functionalization method. Nanowires comprising CdTe−Au−CdTe segments are fabricated using electrochemical deposition, and electrical characterization indicates a p-type behavior for the multisegment nanostructures, in a back-to-back Schottky diode configuration. Such nanostructures modified with thiol-terminated probe DNA fragments could function as high fidelity sensors for biomolecules at very low concentration. The gold segment is utilized for functionalization and binding of single strand DNA (ssDNA) fragments while the CdTe segments at both ends serve to modulate the equilibrium Fermi level of the heterojunction device upon hybridization of the complementary DNA fragments (cDNA) to the ssDNA over the Au segment. Employing such multisegment nanowires could lead to the fabrication more sophisticated and high multispecificity biosensors via selective functionalization of individual segments for biowarfare sensing and medical diagnostics applications.Nanowire-based field-effect transistors (FET) have been widely used for detection of a variety of biological and chemical species, detection of PH value, detection of metal ions, viruses, proteins, etc. [1][2][3][4] In most of these applications, the mechanism of sensing is based on the functionalization of a homogeneous semiconducting nanowire, such as silicon 4 and In 2 O 3 nanowires. 5 There is a growing interest in fabricating heterojunction nanowires, which show great potential for applications in nanoelectronics, 6 energy conversion, 7 self-assembly, 8 and controlled positioning of nanowire arrays. 9 Generally, there are two basic morphologies in nanowire heterostructures: radial heterostructures, such as core-shell nanowires, and axial heterostructures, comprising multisegment nanowires. Core-shell nanowires have been used to fabricate coaxially gated nanowire transistors. 10,11 Multisegment nanowires comprise several different material compositions or phases along its length, and their synthesis have been demonstrated in a variety of configurations including the growth of nanowire superlattices via alternating laser ablation of different solid targets. The superlattices inside the nanowires make them engineered materials having a high thermoelectric coefficient, 12 possible uses in p-n junction diodes, 13 and with notable optical properties via photoluminescence characterization. 14 Electrochemical template synthesis is a versatile technique for producing multisegment nanowires, in which individual segments could be metallic, oxide, binary, or ternary alloys and semiconducting and conducting polymers. And specific functionality including optical, magnetic, or electrical properties could be introduced. Multisegment metallic nanowires synthesized by electrochemistry have been assembled endto-end by using different linkages, such as biomolecules [15][16][17][18] and polymers. 19 Nanowires capped with magnetic met...

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“…Such an effect is different from the observed effect of protein absorptions on SWNT devices, in which proteins adsorbed on the electrodes are responsible for the change of conductance. 4 We believe that such a discrepancy may be caused by the difference in length of the conduction channel and the relative significance of the contact resistance versus nanotube resistance. The conduction channel in our devices (130 µm) is wider than that used in the study of protein adsorptions (5 µm).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The conduction of current through a semiconducting SWNT is greatly affected by the environment, a feature that has been exploited to develop chemical sensors both in the gas phase and in physiological solution. [1][2][3][4] For instance, the binding of proteins to SWNTs or to receptors immobilized on SWNTs can be detected by monitoring the conductance of nanotube field effect transistors (FETs) prepared by connecting two metal electrodes with a nanotube. [2][3][4] The combination of nanotube FETs with microfluidic channels offers unique advantages for sensor applications in a liquid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Microfluidic Devices for the Study of the Sensing Mechanism of Nanotube Sensors

Liu

2005

J. Phys. Chem. B

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An Investigation of the Mechanisms of Electronic Sensing of Protein Adsorption on Carbon Nanotube Devices

Cited by 515 publications

References 29 publications

Carbon Nanotubes for Electronic and Electrochemical Detection of Biomolecules

Carbon Nanotubes for Electronic and Electrochemical Detection of Biomolecules

Multisegment Nanowire Sensors for the Detection of DNA Molecules

Integrated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Microfluidic Devices for the Study of the Sensing Mechanism of Nanotube Sensors

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