An IoT-Based Life Cycle Assessment Platform of Wind Turbines

An, Jinjing; Zou, Zhuo; Chen, Guoping; Sun, Yang; Liu, Ran; Zheng, Lirong

doi:10.3390/s21041233

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…For example, Tao et al [10] designed an energy-saving and emission-reduction LCA system to evaluate carbon emissions of a turbine cylinder with the assistance of various sensors like RFID, smart meters, and embedded system. An et al [6] established an IoT-based LCA platform for wind turbines with an updating and expanding database containing data from barcodes, GPS, and laser scanners. However, the respective functions of various sensors and their association with different life cycle stages were not explicitly clarified.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Tu et al [5] captured the LCA data from IoT sensors and calculated dynamic carbon footprint of solar photovoltaic modules throughout the supply chain. An et al [6] established an IoT-based LCA platform for wind turbines to achieve real-time and intelligent data collection in the full life cycle. In the construction industry, Tao et al [7] also proposed a greenhouse gas (GHG) emission monitoring system, using radio frequency identification (RFID) sensors and laser sensors for real-time emission monitoring in the manufacture phase of prefabricated components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internet of Things (IoT)-Integrated Embodied Carbon Assessment and Monitoring of Prefabricated Buildings

Pan

Teng

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Buildings contribute significantly to carbon emissions over their life cycle. Recently, embodied carbon (EC) accounts for an increasing share of life cycle carbon emissions of new buildings as their energy efficiency is improving. However, traditional methods of data collection and communication from diverse carbon sources such as manual recording lead to low-efficient and prone-to-error estimation of embodied carbon emissions. Therefore, this paper aims to propose an Internet of Things (IoT)-integrated embodied carbon assessment and monitoring system (ECAMS) for prefabricated buildings. This system involves three layers, i.e., of data collection, data communication, and data analysis. To provide a theoretical foundation, the EC assessment model is firstly modified to distribute carbon emissions into twelve construction statuses and at five levels of analysis of prefabricated buildings. IoT sensors including radio frequency identification (RFID), acceleration transducer, and global positioning system (GPS) are employed for automated real-time data collection. IoT data will be communicated with building information modelling (BIM) and carbon assessment software through application programming interfaces (APIs). Laboratory tests were conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of sensor-based data collection and communication. The proposed system facilitates more efficient and accurate estimations of prefabricated buildings’ embodied carbon, which should help practitioners to explore effective carbon reduction strategies.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet of Things (IoT)-Integrated Embodied Carbon Assessment and Monitoring of Prefabricated Buildings

Pan

Teng

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…These sources of energy, however, are intermittent in nature, and are highly dependent on environmental factors; for instance, the speed and direction of the wind affect the generation of wind power plants, and solar irradiation impacts the output power of photovoltaic cells. To improve the efficiency of such resources and the reliability of the entire grid, IIoT systems can be used to ensure a constant supply of safe, economical, and reliable energy [28]- [30]. In fact, IIoT systems can use sensor measurements, a cloud computing platform, and enhanced load and weather models to accurately and efficiently control renewable energy resources [22].…”

Section: ) Control Of Renewable Energy Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyber-Security of Industrial Internet of Things in Electric Power Systems

2022

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Electric Power Systems (EPSs) are among the most critical infrastructures of any society, since they significantly impact other infrastructures. Recently, there has been a trend toward implementing modern technologies, such as Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), in EPSs to enhance their real-time monitoring, control, situational awareness, and intelligence. This movement, however, has exposed EPSs to various cyber intrusions that originate from the IIoT ecosystem. Statistics show that 38% of reported attacks have been against power and water infrastructure, and so far at least 91% of power utilities have experienced a cyber-attack. The cyber-security problem is even more severe for IIoT applications in EPSs due to the vulnerabilities and resource limitations of such applications. Thus, based on the above statistics, it is necessary to investigate the vulnerabilities of IIoT-based applications in EPSs, identify probable attacks and their consequences, and develop intrusion prevention and detection approaches to secure IIoT systems. On this basis, this paper first elaborates on the applications of IIoT-based systems in EPSs, and evaluates their security challenges. Afterwards, it comprehensively reviews various cyber-attacks against IIoT-assisted EPSs, with a particular focus on attack entry points and adversarial methods. Finally, efforts to prevent cyber-intrusions against IIoT systems in EPSs are explained, and different attack detection techniques are discussed.INDEX TERMS Cyber-attacks, cyber-security, electric power systems, industrial internet of things, intrusion detection systems. I. TRANSFORMATION OF IOT TO IIOT

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“…With the help of the LCA system, real-time collection of energy consumption and emission profile can be collected. 9 Hang et al proposed a fatigue life analysis and evaluation method which gives consideration to coupled multiple damages in obtaining the life prediction of wind turbine drive systems. It seeks to resolve the problem of multiple information fusion of big data, quantification oftime-varying dynamic loads, and analysis of multiple damage coupling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and digitization of wind farms using internet of things : A review

Adekanbi

2021

Int J Energy Res

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Utilizing every available technology in improving the effectiveness of sustainable energy schemes is an important tool that should be harnessed in the war against fossil fuel and other problems associated with global warming.Enhancing sustainable energy schemes is fundamental to improving the rate of global energy efficiency coupled with decreasing the share of carbon systems in the global energy mix. With the integration of modern technologies like the internet of things (IoT), machine learning, and artificial intelligence, energy systems are generally smarter, more efficient, reliable and also possess the potential to mitigate global energy problems. This paper reviews the application of IoT in wind farms and the energy sector at large. It establishes that integrating IoT into wind farms has the potential to save about 50 million to 230 million US dollars of its operation expenses, improve the current 743 GW global wind power capacity to an amount substantial to enable it supply 20% of the world's electricity by 2030 and also allow wind energy technology to hold a good share in the 100 billion objects that is expected to be connected to the internet by 2025. In addition to this, it reviews the challenges associated with the deployment of IoT in wind farms and the future of block-chain technology and green IoT in energy systems.

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An IoT-Based Life Cycle Assessment Platform of Wind Turbines

Cited by 24 publications

References 36 publications

Internet of Things (IoT)-Integrated Embodied Carbon Assessment and Monitoring of Prefabricated Buildings

Internet of Things (IoT)-Integrated Embodied Carbon Assessment and Monitoring of Prefabricated Buildings

Cyber-Security of Industrial Internet of Things in Electric Power Systems

Optimization and digitization of wind farms using internet of things : A review

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