An MBT domain containing anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (PtALF8) from Portunus trituberculatus is involved in immune response to bacterial challenge

The Immune Activity of PT-Peptide Derived from Anti-Lipopolysaccharide Factor of the Swimming Crab Portunus trituberculatus Is Enhanced when Encapsulated in Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

“…A few peptides have also been found to be cytotoxic to tumor cells [1,2,3,4]. Anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF) is one type of AMP and plays an important role in the defense system of crustaceans [5,6,7,8,9,10]. ALFs typically share a conserved three-dimensional structure, consisting of three α-helices packed against a four-stranded β-sheet, and contain a putative lipopolysaccharide binding domain [5].…”

“…ALFs typically share a conserved three-dimensional structure, consisting of three α-helices packed against a four-stranded β-sheet, and contain a putative lipopolysaccharide binding domain [5]. ALFs not only have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and negative bacteria [6,7,8,9] but also can bind and neutralize lipopolysaccharide [10]. Many ALFs have been found and characterized in crustaceans [6,7,8,9,11] and a variety of ALF isoforms have been reported to coexist in one organism.…”

“…ALFs not only have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and negative bacteria [6,7,8,9] but also can bind and neutralize lipopolysaccharide [10]. Many ALFs have been found and characterized in crustaceans [6,7,8,9,11] and a variety of ALF isoforms have been reported to coexist in one organism. For example, at least eight different isoforms of ALFs have been identified in swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus [9].…”

“…Many ALFs have been found and characterized in crustaceans [6,7,8,9,11] and a variety of ALF isoforms have been reported to coexist in one organism. For example, at least eight different isoforms of ALFs have been identified in swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus [9]. Most previous studies about the role of ALFs in crustaceans have investigated in vitro antimicrobial activity and characterization of ALF gene expression following microbial challenge or infection [6,7,8,9].…”

“…For example, at least eight different isoforms of ALFs have been identified in swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus [9]. Most previous studies about the role of ALFs in crustaceans have investigated in vitro antimicrobial activity and characterization of ALF gene expression following microbial challenge or infection [6,7,8,9]. Recently, it has been reported that ALF can reduce white spot virus propagation [12,13].…”