An Object-Oriented Simulator for 3D Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Imaging System

Abstract

Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is an innovative imaging modality that provides 3D reconstructed images of breast to detect the breast cancer. Projections obtained with an X-ray source moving in a limited angle interval are used to reconstruct 3D image of breast. Several reconstruction algorithms are available for DBT imaging. Filtered back projection algorithm has traditionally been used to reconstruct images from projections. Iterative reconstruction algorithms such as algebraic reconstruction technique (ART) were later developed. Recently, compressed sensing based methods have been proposed in tomosynthesis imaging problem. We have developed an object-oriented simulator for 3D digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) imaging system using C++ programming language. The simulator is capable of implementing different iterative and compressed sensing based reconstruction methods on 3D digital tomosynthesis data sets and phantom models. A user friendly graphical user interface (GUI) helps users to select and run the desired methods on the designed phantom models or real data sets. The simulator has been tested on a phantom study that simulates breast tomosynthesis imaging problem. Results obtained with various methods including algebraic reconstruction technique (ART) and total variation regularized reconstruction techniques (ART+TV) are presented. Reconstruction results of the methods are compared both visually and quantitatively by evaluating performances of the methods using mean structural similarity (MSSIM) values.

Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score in the Prognostication after Endovascular Treatment for Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-analysis

“…The quality of the included studies was also independently assessed by the two reviewers (C.R., H.S.) using the “Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies,” provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [ 16 ] and/or Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias [ 17 ].…”

Dual Energy X-ray Methods for the Characterization, Quantification and Imaging of Calcification Minerals and Masses in Breast

“…The potential of diagnosing breast cancer in early stages through screening and adequate follow-up of women with positive findings could significantly reduce breast cancer mortality (by 15-25%) [6]. Furthermore, early detection could lead to more effective treatment planning and medication [3][4][5] based on the stage for each patient individually [3][4][5]. Even though X-ray mammography is the gold standard method for early detection of breast carcinomas, ultrasound and digital tomosynthesis have also been used in diagnosing breast cancer [11][12][13][14].…”

“…However, the mean glandular dose of the polyenergetic approach was substantially increased, as expected, compared to the monoenergetic approach (approximately 53.8 times). 4 Tungsten anode/Rhodium filter; 5 Tungsten anode/Copper filter; 6 Tungsten anode/Cadmium filter; 7 monoenergetic; 8 polyenergetic.…”

“…Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in the United States [1], accounting for approximately 12% of globally diagnosed cancers in 2012 [2]. Diagnosis of cancer in early stage leads to more efficient treatment [3][4][5]. Furthermore, early detection through screening and adequate follow-up of women with positive findings could significantly reduce breast cancer mortality (by 15-25%) [6].…”

Total variation minimization filter for DBT imaging

“…Some encouraging results about minimization of TV in DBT images have been published. [27][28][29][30][31] In this paper, based on ROF model and assuming a Poisson noise model, the approach of directly solving the minimization problem of TV by applying a digital filter to real DBT images is described. Filter application before and after phantom image reconstruction and the suitable Lagrange multiplier (λ) to be used were studied.…”