An ocular cysticercosis in Bali, Indonesia caused by Taenia solium Asian genotype

Swastika, Kadek; Dewiyani, Cokorda I.; Yanagida, Tetsuya; Sako, Y.; Sudarmaja, I Made Sudarmaja, M.Kes, I Made; Sutisna, Putu; Wandra, Toni; Dharmawan, Nyoman Sadra; Nakaya, Kazuhiro; Okamoto, Masanori; Itō, Akira

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2011.11.004

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Human cysticercosis infection can go unnoticed therefore, its public health consequence may be grave than it is estimated. Recent trends due to international tourism into remote or rural areas, expansion of global business and increase of the number of trans-migrants from rural to urban areas as well as increase of immigrants and refugees, have drastically increased the cases of taeniasis and cysticercosis in developed countries, Orthodox Jewish [7] and Muslim communities [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Serological Survey for Human Cysticercosis Prevalence in Mbulu District, Tanzania

Mwang'onde¹,

Nkwengulila²,

Chacha³

2012

AID

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Human cysticercosis, a zoonotic disease due to Taeniasolium, is of the highly debilitating and stigmatizing neglected tropical diseases due to epilepsy, ophthalmia and dermatological disorders in endemic developing countries. Tanzania is among the sub-Saharan African countries with an average prevalence of porcine cysticercosis 17.2% [1], which increases the risk of human cysticercosis infection. Studies on people with epilepsy in northern zone of Tanzania show a 16.2% [2] to be suffering from neurocysticercosis. While this was the case, there were no single report on the prevalence of human cysticercosis neither to regular hospital visitors, admissions, and nor general public that result to insufficient deployment of intervention strategies. Study was performed to assess the prevalence of human cysticercosis in general public in Mbulu district. The cephalic venous blood was collected from assorted community members. Serum was extracted and then subjected to Cysticercus IgG Western Blot Assay for human cysticercosis sero-screening. It was found that about 16.3% of the community members had antibodies signifying infection by human cysticercosis. This is the first ever study to assess the prevalence of human cysticercosis in the country and it has revealed the problem to be very high. This study can be valuable for deployment of appropriate intervention measures on human cysticercosis in the study area and extend to the entire country.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Serological Survey for Human Cysticercosis Prevalence in Mbulu District, Tanzania

Mwang'onde¹,

Nkwengulila²,

Chacha³

2012

AID

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“…Human cysticercosis is one of the neglected tropical diseases alongside echinococcosis, filariasis, rabies, brucellosis, anthrax, leptospirosis and several others [13]. The resurgence of cysticercosis is one of the most serious public health concerns not only in developing but also developed countries [14].…”

Section: The Epidemiology Of Human Cysticercosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although cysticercosis is one of the most important life-threatening cestode zoonoses worldwide, it is endemic mainly in remote or rural areas of developing countries where local people consume pork without any adequate meat inspections in the closed communities [15]. Recent trends in international tourism into remote or rural areas, the expansion of global business and increase of the number of trans-migrants from rural to urban areas as well as increase of immigrants and refugees; these amplify the risk of taeniasis and cysticercosis in developed countries and in none pork eating communities [13].…”

Section: The Epidemiology Of Human Cysticercosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Human Cysticercosis and Diagnostic Challenges in Endemic Resource Poor Countries

Nkwengulila¹

2014

AID

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Human cysticercosis is a neglected tropical parasitic zoonotic disease with high public health concerns. Infection of Taenia solium cysticerci in the brain commonly known as neurocysticercosis is a cause to over 29% of all epileptic cases in endemic countries. Unfortunately, this infection can go unnoticed for over 10 years. The objective of this review was to characterize the diagnostic approaches accessible in endemic poor resource countries. The review sought literature from library catalogues and public databases for studies on epidemiology and diagnosis challenges of human cysticercosis. The search key words included "Taenia solium, T. solium cysticercosis, human cysticercosis, neurocysticercosis and diagnosis". Most of the diagnostic procedures rely on serology. Neuroimaging tools which would confirm and thus enable the assessment of the burden of the disease in endemic countries are rarely used. Therefore assessing the estimate on prevalence and burden of the disease fallacious is owing to the low sensitivity of serological tools and the inhibition of humoral, cellular immune responses, inflammatory reaction and cytokines by the living cysticerci.

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“…However, education programs aimed at keeping pigs indoors to prevent access to human faeces and the introduction of improved sanitation systems and practices have substantially reduced the prevalence of NCC during the past 2 decades [35,37,43]. Nevertheless, there are still sporadic NCC cases identified on Bali [40,[42][43][44][45]. …”

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Neurocysticercosis Diagnosed in a Patient with Taenia saginata Taeniasis after Administration of Praziquantel: A Case Study and Review of the Literature

Toni¹,

'²,

Sudewi³

et al. 2016

Primary Health Care

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IntroductionTaeniasis/cysticercosis, caused by the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, is a parasitic zoonosis found primarily in countries where pigs are raised and meat inspection is lacking [1,2]. The potential for a tapeworm carrier to infect another individual (or themselves via autoinfection), resulting in cysticercosis or neurocysticercosis (NCC), is a risk not only in endemic areas, but also in areas with immigrants from endemic countries [1,[3][4][5]]. An example of such an outbreak occurred in an Orthodox Jewish community in New York City when family members were infected by a domestic employee from a T. solium endemic country [6]. Such NCC outbreaks have occurred in other developed countries, including countries in the Middle East where people do not consume pork [4,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13].In Asia, there are three Taenia tapeworms that infect humans; T. solium, Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica [4,5,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Although adult T. solium worms with scoleces are easily differentiated morphologically from other taeniids, it is almost impossible to differentiate adult T. asiatica and T. saginata [5,22,25,26]. Therefore, molecular differentiation is often required to correctly identify the infecting species [27]. Recent studies have also reported hybrids of T. saginata and T. asiatica in Thailand and China [5,25,[28][29][30][31][32]. This makes mitochondrial and nuclear gene analyses even more important for the differentiation of T. saginata, T. asiatica, and hybrids of these two species [30][31][32].In Indonesia, T. solium, T. saginata and T. asiatica are distributed according to livestock rearing and local food consumption practices [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Both T. saginata and T. solium have been confirmed from the island of Bali, where the local inhabitants are known to eat dishes that contain undercooked beef and pork, such as the traditional dish Lawar. NCC was considered endemic on Bali more than 20 years ago [41,42]. However, education programs aimed at keeping pigs indoors to prevent access to human faeces and the introduction of improved sanitation systems and practices have substantially reduced the prevalence of NCC during the past 2 decades [35,37,43]. Nevertheless, there are still sporadic NCC cases identified on Bali [40,[42][43][44][45]. Case ReportFieldwork conducted on Bali from 2002-2007 resulted in the identification of 69 taeniasis carriers who were treated with a single dose of praziquantel (PZQ) at 15 mg/kg body weight (Table 1). All worms were confirmed to be T. saginata by multiplex PCR [36]. In August 2007, a 47-year-old male taeniasis carrier from the Gianyar district suffered a single tonic-clonic seizure within a few hours of PZQ administration. The patient was subsequently admitted to the Sanglah Hospital in Denpasar. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed one viable cystic lesion and one calcified lesion in the right frontal lobe of the brain. At this time, serology (ELISA) was also carried out using partially purified antigens by c...

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An ocular cysticercosis in Bali, Indonesia caused by Taenia solium Asian genotype

Cited by 32 publications

References 16 publications

The Serological Survey for Human Cysticercosis Prevalence in Mbulu District, Tanzania

The Serological Survey for Human Cysticercosis Prevalence in Mbulu District, Tanzania

A Review of Human Cysticercosis and Diagnostic Challenges in Endemic Resource Poor Countries

Neurocysticercosis Diagnosed in a Patient with Taenia saginata Taeniasis after Administration of Praziquantel: A Case Study and Review of the Literature

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