An Online Optimization Algorithm for Alleviating Contingencies in Transmission Networks

Mazzi, Nicolò; Zhang, Baosen; Kirschen, Daniel S.

doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2018.2808456

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Due to the low probability of N − 3 contingencies occurring in different transmission lines in real-world [25], research works typically focus on N − 1 and N − 2 scenarios [26]. In order to find all power flow constraint violations under N − 1 and N − 2 scenarios, the linear power flow approximation is typically utilized [27]. Following such approach, in this work, the power flows are calculated by f = YM T θ, where Y is the branch susceptance matrix, M is the connection matrix, and θ is the vector of voltage phase angles.…”

Section: B Contingency Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

CHIMERA: A Hybrid Estimation Approach to Limit the Effects of False Data Injection Attacks

Liu¹,

Hu²,

Konstantinou³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The reliable operation of the electric power systems is supported by energy management systems (EMS) that provide monitoring and control functionalities. Contingency analysis is a critical application of EMS to evaluate the impacts of outage events based on the grid state variables, and allow system operators to prepare for potential system failures. However, false data injection attacks (FDIAs) against state estimation have demonstrated the possibility of compromising sensor measurements and consequently falsifying the estimated power system states. As a result, FDIAs may mislead the system operations and other EMS applications including contingency analysis and optimal power flow routines. In this paper, we assess the effect of FDIAs on contingency analysis and demonstrate that such attacks can affect the resulted number of contingencies in power systems. In order to mitigate the FDIA impact on contingency analysis algorithms, we propose CHIMERA, a hybrid attackresilient state estimation approach that integrates model-based and data-driven methods. CHIMERA combines the physical grid information with a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM)-based deep learning model by considering a static loss of weighted least square errors and a dynamic loss of the difference between the temporal variations of the actual and the estimated active power. Our simulation experiments based on the load data from New York state demonstrate that CHIMERA can effectively mitigate 91.74% of the attack cases in which FDIAs can maliciously modify the contingency results.

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Section: B Contingency Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

CHIMERA: A Hybrid Estimation Approach to Limit the Effects of False Data Injection Attacks

Liu¹,

Hu²,

Konstantinou³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The weather information during the period of PFC can get from weather monitoring devices or meteorological office; meanwhile, the weather conditions can be assumed as constant during the period of PFC due to its time interval is relatively short. The initial conductor temperature at t 0 can be solved from the thermal network model, and the current used to calculate Joule heat can gain from (14).…”

Section: C: the Dynamic Thermal Equation Of Transmission Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specific to the overload problem of transmission lines due to power flow transferring after a fault event in power grid, the existing post-contingency power flow control (PPFC) strategies mainly employ measures of adjusting the active power injected into the nodes of the power network (e.g., altering the output of generators and shedding loads) to eliminate the overload conditions of transmission lines. These methods can be classified into two types: (a) sensitivity methods [8]- [11], and (b) optimization control methods [12]- [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Post-Contingency Power Flow Control Strategy for AC/DC Hybrid Power Grid Considering the Dynamic Electrothermal Effects of Transmission Lines

Jian

Xiong

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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The blocking of large-capacity HVDC or the tripping of AC transmission lines by accident will cause power flow transfer sharply and increase the risk of cascading faults in AC/DC hybrid power grid. Therefore, it is needed to take reasonable safety control measures in time to interdict the spreading of the accident. In this paper, a post-contingency power flow control (PPFC) strategy for AC/DC hybrid power grid was proposed. This strategy brings the dynamic electrothermal effects of the conductor into the safety constraints to fully excavate the short-time overload endurance capability of transmission lines, and coordinates the active power adjustment of generators, power transmission adjustment of HVDC, and load shedding measures, to realize the dynamic optimal power flow control in multiple time sections. The proposed optimization control model takes minimum total cost as the objective function, and accounts for the influence of different weather conditions along the transmission lines and load fluctuations after the accident on the electrothermal safety of transmission lines, which can quickly provide the economical and reasonable power flow control scheme, to prevent the AC/DC hybrid power grid from unexpected cascading tripping effectively. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed strategy were verified through case studies on the modified IEEE 10-machine 39-node power systems.

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“…The method was tested and verified on a 14-bus transmission network with the sampling period of five minutes. A real-time algorithm was proposed [194] to automatically alleviate contingencies (e.g., feeder overloads and voltage constraint violations). A multi-stage stochastic optimization for real-time economic dispatch of pumped hydro storage was developed [195].…”

Section: Opf-based Rt-emssmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Real-Time Optimal Power Flow

et al. 2018

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There has been a strong increase of penetration of renewable energies into power systems. However, the renewables pose new challenges for the operation of the networks. Particularly, wind power is intermittently fluctuating, and, therefore, the network operator has to fast update the operations correspondingly. This task should be performed by an online optimization. Therefore, real-time optimal power flow (RT-OPF) has become an attractive topic in recent years. This paper presents an overview of recent studies on RT-OPF under wind energy penetration, offering a critical review of the major advancements in RT-OPF. It describes the challenges in the realization of the RT-OPF and presents available approaches to address these challenges. The paper focuses on a number of topics which are reviewed in chronological order of appearance: offline energy management systems (EMSs) (deterministic and stochastic approaches) and real-time EMSs (constraint satisfaction-based and OPF-based methods). The particular challenges associated with the incorporation of battery storage systems in the networks are explored, and it is concluded that the current research on RT-OPF is not sufficient, and new solution approaches are needed.Energies 2018, 11, 3142 2 of 20 time. However, the incorporation of BSSs into the network leads to dynamic state operations and thus introduces dynamic model equations to the OPF, which makes the problem more complex to solve. This complexity is due to the fact that the dynamic optimization is described by differential/difference equations, whereas static optimization requires only algebraic equations [30].Another issue is that the REG rate is uncertain. It means their output cannot be forecasted accurately, and there may be discrepancies between the forecasted and actually realized values. The uncertainties can lead to constraint violations and thus safety problems if they are not handled properly. Therefore, deterministic OPF methods are not suitable for the real operation of the networks, or their solutions need further modifications before realization. Besides, owing to fast fluctuating REG, in particular wind power, the network operators need to fast update-i.e., in real-time-the operation strategies correspondingly, in order for the network to operate economically and in its feasible region. Therefore, the real-time energy management systems (RT-EMSs) have attracted increasing interest from many researchers. In this paper, we classify the RT-EMSs into two main categories: (1) constraint satisfaction-based RT-EMSs, and (2) OPF-based RT-EMSs. The former can satisfy the technical constraints of the network in real time, but the solutions may not be optimal. The latter provides optimal solutions in real time while satisfying the constraints. It is noted that the technical constraints could be different for these two categories, depending on the components of the network (details can be seen in Section 2).The remainder of the paper is organized as follows: Section 2 provides the general formulation of OPF...

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An Online Optimization Algorithm for Alleviating Contingencies in Transmission Networks

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

CHIMERA: A Hybrid Estimation Approach to Limit the Effects of False Data Injection Attacks

CHIMERA: A Hybrid Estimation Approach to Limit the Effects of False Data Injection Attacks

A Post-Contingency Power Flow Control Strategy for AC/DC Hybrid Power Grid Considering the Dynamic Electrothermal Effects of Transmission Lines

A Survey of Real-Time Optimal Power Flow

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