An optimal operating strategy for fixed-bed bioreactors used in wastewater treatment

Benthack, C.; Srinivasan, Bala; Bonvin, Dominique

doi:10.1002/1097-0290(20010105)72:1<34::aid-bit5>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…However, owing to flow characteristics such as velocity, turbulence, and shear force, biofilm in an FXBR differs from that in an FLBR. In an FXBR, biofilm growth close to the inlet is expected to be greater and thicker than that near the outlet of the filter (Benthack et al 2001, Rittmann 1982), with a spatial positioning of terminal electron accepting process (TEAP) zones along the filter depth (Upadhyaya et al 2010). In contrast, biofilm of more uniform thickness is expected throughout an FLBR after maturation of the system (Rittmann 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate‐Based Electron Donor for Biological Nitrate and Perchlorate Removal From Drinking Water

Upadhyaya¹,

Kotlarz²,

Togna

et al. 2015

Journal AWWA

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This study evaluated the feasibility of replacing acetic acid with a commercial carbohydrate‐based electron donor (CBED) for removal of nitrate and perchlorate (ClO4–) from drinking water. Bench‐scale biologically active carbon fixed‐bed and fluidized‐bed reactors (FXBR and FLBR, respectively), with an initial empty bed contact time (EBCT) of 42.8 min, were fed simulated groundwater containing 15 mg/L nitrate as nitrogen and 200 μg/L ClO4–. EBCT in the FLBR after final expansion was 80.5 min. During the first 100 days using acetic acid at 125 mg/L chemical oxygen demand (COD), complete nitrate removal was achieved in both systems, whereas perchlorate in the FXBR and FLBR effluents remained below 3 and 6 μg/L ClO4–, respectively. For comparable removals, influent COD requirement was higher with the CBED. Biomass yields with acetic acid and the CBED were 0.54–0.58 and 0.59–0.74 mg CODbiomass/mg CODsubstrate, respectively. The higher yield with the CBED resulted in more frequent maintenance requirements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate‐Based Electron Donor for Biological Nitrate and Perchlorate Removal From Drinking Water

Upadhyaya¹,

Kotlarz²,

Togna

et al. 2015

Journal AWWA

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“…While in traditional activated sludge treatment, microorganisms are suspended in the liquid phase, they are immobilized on a stationary solid surface in packed‐bed bioreactors. The oldest form of packed‐bed bioreactors is the so‐called trickle‐bed bioreactor that has been utilized since the nineteenth century . During the past few decades, packed‐bed bioreactors have gained renewed interest in wastewater treatment processes due to the improved removal efficiency, reduced odour annoyance, and robustness toward hydrodynamic variations and toxic shocks in feed concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid residence time distribution in a two‐compartment wastewater treatment bioreactor

Iliuta

Larachi

Déry³

et al. 2015

Can J Chem Eng

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Residence time distribution (RTD) of liquid phase in a two‐compartment (packed‐bed/packed‐bed or packed‐bed/packing‐free) bioreactor for wastewater treatment was evaluated via a complex liquid flow structure. RTD in packed‐bed compartments was modelled using a modified axial dispersion‐exchange model with a liquid stream which bypasses the dynamic liquid region. The liquid in the dynamic region is dispersed in axial and transverse directions, whereas the stagnant region exchanges mass with the dynamic region, the two regions being in direct contact. RTD in packing‐free compartment was modelled as a continuous stirred‐tank reactor with ideal or non‐ideal mixing zone. Time‐domain analysis coupled with the phenomenological RTD model was used to identify the model parameters. The proposed RTD model offers the opportunity to quantify parameters as dynamic liquid fraction, dynamic liquid flow rate fraction, number of transfer units between dynamic and stagnant liquid regions, stagnant liquid holdup, which otherwise would have been difficult to estimate using other methods and which can affect the bioreactor performance. The proposed RTD model describes adequately the hydrodynamics of the two‐compartment packed‐bed bioreactor while the simulations unveil likely tendency of the RTD curves subject to different sets of model parameters.

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“…1990; Jianlong and Yi 1999; Buisman et al. 1991b;Benthack et al. 2001) and also the process is eco‐friendly (Park et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the sulfide removal studies focused mainly on the partial oxidation of sulfide to sulfur that could be efficiently separated from the waste stream. As biological sulfide oxidation is inexpensive when compared with chemical and physical methods earlier workers have reported oxidation of sulfides from waste water by Thiobacillus (Heitkamp et al 1990;Jianlong and Yi 1999;Buisman et al 1991b;Benthack et al 2001) and also the process is eco-friendly (Park et al 2002). Thiobacillus sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological sulfide oxidation using autotrophicThiobacillussp.: evaluation of different immobilization methods and bioreactors

Ravichandra

Gopal

Annapurna

2009

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims: Evaluation of various immobilization methods and bioreactors for sulfide oxidation using Thiobacillus sp. was studied. Methods and Results: Ca‐alginate, K‐carrageenan and agar gel matrices (entrapment) and polyurethane foam and granular activated carbon (adsorption) efficacy was tested for the sulfide oxidation and biomass leakage using immobilized Thiobacillus sp. Maximum sulfide oxidation of 96% was achieved with alginate matrix followed by K‐carrageenan (88%). Different parameters viz. alginate concentration (1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%), CaCl2 concentration (1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%), bead diameter (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm), and curing time (1, 3, 6, 12 and 18 h) were studied for optimal immobilization conditions. Repeated batch experiments were carried out to test reusability of Ca‐alginate immobilized beads for sulfide oxidation in stirred tank reactor and fluidized bed reactor (FBR) at different sulfide concentrations. Conclusions: The results proved to be promising for sulfide oxidation using Ca‐alginate gel matrix immobilized Thiobacillus sp. for better sulfide oxidation with less biomass leakage. Significance and Impact of the Study: Biological sulfide oxidation is gaining more importance because of its simple operation. Present investigations will help in successful design and operation of pilot and industrial level FBR for sulfide oxidation.

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An optimal operating strategy for fixed-bed bioreactors used in wastewater treatment

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Carbohydrate‐Based Electron Donor for Biological Nitrate and Perchlorate Removal From Drinking Water

Carbohydrate‐Based Electron Donor for Biological Nitrate and Perchlorate Removal From Drinking Water

Liquid residence time distribution in a two‐compartment wastewater treatment bioreactor

Biological sulfide oxidation using autotrophicThiobacillussp.: evaluation of different immobilization methods and bioreactors

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