1974
DOI: 10.1016/0021-9290(74)90050-5
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An optimization approach to tendon force analysis

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Cited by 204 publications
(25 citation statements)
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“…A unique solution to the problem of distributing the external load between the actuators can be found by minimizing an appropriate function J of the muscle forces, as proposed in previous works (Seireg and Arvikar, 1973;Penrod et al, 1974;Pedotti et al, 1978;Crowninshield and Brand, 1981). The objective function can be minimized under the constraints of mechanical equilibrium at the joints and physiological limits for muscle tensions, such that the general optimization problem can be expressed as follows:…”
Section: Load Sharing Problemmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A unique solution to the problem of distributing the external load between the actuators can be found by minimizing an appropriate function J of the muscle forces, as proposed in previous works (Seireg and Arvikar, 1973;Penrod et al, 1974;Pedotti et al, 1978;Crowninshield and Brand, 1981). The objective function can be minimized under the constraints of mechanical equilibrium at the joints and physiological limits for muscle tensions, such that the general optimization problem can be expressed as follows:…”
Section: Load Sharing Problemmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The cost function can be based upon muscle stress, force, energy, fatigue, etc., and the constraints usually dictate that the muscle forces can apply tension only, must satisfy the equilibrium equations and fall within reasonable upper (tetanic muscle force) and lower (negligible force) muscle force limits (Karlsson & Peterson 1992). The first optimization models were developed to simulate muscular load sharing at other joints (Penrod et al 1974;Seireg & Arvikar 1975), and the shoulder represents a more recent application. The first three-dimensional model of shoulder muscle force estimation was extensively described by Karlsson & Peterson (1992) and was later followed by the most frequently cited and implemented model to date (van der Helm 1994b).…”
Section: (B ) Muscle Force Estimationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Complex tendon forces Reduction Smith et al (1964) 2D, scaled tendon forces Smith et al (1964) 3D, some forces set equal to zero Optimization Seireg & Arvikar (1973) Objective function with constraints Penrod (1974) Objective function with constraints Chao & An (1978) 3D, linear programming An et al (1985) 3D, linear programming Combined Chao & An (1978) Graphical, optimization Weightman & Amis (1982) Some F ϭ 0, some F @ muscle area…”
Section: Critical Evaluation and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An alternate method using a typical optimization technique was suggested by Seireg and Arvikar (1973) and Penrod, Davy, and Singh (1974). In this approach, force equilibrium equations and anatomical constraint relationships were used for the equality constraints and the physiological limits on the tendon, muscle and joint forces were applied as the inequality constraints.…”
Section: Optimization Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%