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The role of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP)-dependent membrane phosphorylation in the regulation of microsomal calcium transport in rat aortic smooth muscle was studied. Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase augmented the phosphorylation of serine residues in a microsomal protein component with a molecular weight of about 44,000 (determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and the majority of 32P incorporation was in serine residue(s). The phosphorylated protein had stability characteristics of a phosphoester. The phosphorylated substrate was not extracted from the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitate with organic solvents or by suspension in hot TCA; and the demonstrated hydroxylamine insensitivity suggested that the substrate was not lipid or nucleic acid. Intrinsic phosphoprotein phosphatase cleaved the labeled phosphate from the cyclic AMP-stimulated microsomes in the first 5 min of incubation. Microsomes phosphorylated in the presence of 1 micron cyclic AMP or 1 micron cyclic AMP plus 0.1 mg/ml protein kinase exhibited enhanced calcium uptake. We suggest that reversible phosphorylation of microsomal membranes may play an important role in the regulation of aortic microsomal calcium transport by cyclic AMP.

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Data pertaining to average infection (%) of karnal bunt disease of wheat and meteorological parameters of 1st to 12th standard meteorological week (1st January to 25th March) for 25 crop seasons (1981-82 to 2004-05) of Karnal station were correlated to study the effect of weather parameters on Karnal bunt disease in wheat for most sensitive crop growth period corresponding to ear emergence and subsequent growth stages. The frequency of disease intensity and weather parameters indicated that when the maximum temperature exceeded normal accompanied by little or poor rainfall during 6 to 8th SMW, the disease intensity was low. Rainfall during the 3rd week of January showed strong relationship indicating favourable role in the formation and further multiplication of secondary spordia. However, during 9th SMW, maximum temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and sunshine duration showed considerably high correlations, whereas remaining parameters had weak correlation coefficients. Meteorological parameters during 6 to 12 SMW satisfactorily explained the occurrence of Karnal bunt disease with R2 values of 0.84 that indicated only 16% variation of disease remained unaccounted.