An Optimization Method for the Gateway Station Deployment in LEO Satellite Systems

Zhu, Chaoyi; Li, Yitao; Zhang, Manqing; Wang, Qi; Zhou, Wuyang

doi:10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9128413

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Next, we also verify the proposed ISL usage evaluation method by comparing it to the traditional method with network simulator (e.g., in [10] and [22]). We establish the same network simulation platform as in [10] and run the network simulation with the same scenario settings (e.g., constellation parameters, traffic demand, and optimized gateway placement).…”

Section: B Results Of Best-obtained Gateway Placementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We establish the same network simulation platform as in [10] and run the network simulation with the same scenario settings (e.g., constellation parameters, traffic demand, and optimized gateway placement). The total traffic demand is set to 20 Gbps, and ISL bandwidth is set to unlimited [22]. Then we calculate the traffic on each ISL and obtain the average ISL usage (see Table III).…”

Section: B Results Of Best-obtained Gateway Placementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But the intermediate ISL transmission is not considered, and the gravity model cannot estimate the ISL usage. Authors in [22] study the optimization of ground gateway deployment to minimize ISL usage and maximize the satellite-ground link capacity for gateways in China. But the gateway placement is limited to China and both the satellite number and gateway number are relatively smaller.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since Walker-δ type constellations are widely adopted in the emerging MCN projects, e.g., Starlink [22], [25], we consider a Walker-δ constellation, which can be represented by a formal notation α: N S /N P /F ,where α is the orbit inclination, N S is the total satellite number, N P is the number of orbit plane, and F is the phasing factor, F ∈ {1, ..., N P − 1}. N P orbit planes are evenly distributed along the equator, and the right ascension of ascending node (RAAN) difference between adjacent orbits is ∆Ω = 2π/N P .…”

Section: A Satellite Constellation and Islsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Gateway Placement for Minimizing Intersatellite Link Usage in LEO Megaconstellation Networks

Chen

Yang

Guo³

et al. 2022

IEEE Internet Things J.

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Mega-constellation networks, represented by Starlink and OneWeb, have become a promising solution for the wide-area Internet of Things (IoT). IoT messages collected by satellite can be routed to the ground gateway via multiple intersatellite link (ISL) relays and then access the ground network. Compared to traditional constellations, mega-constellations with massive satellites require more ISL relays that are greatly affected by the number and location of ground gateways. In this paper, we focus on the ISL usage for connecting satellites and gateways and propose a novel method with low computation cost to evaluate the ISL usage metric. Then we formulate a mixedinteger optimization model for the gateway site optimization (GSO) problem with minimizing the overall ISL usage, which is then simplified through model transformation. And an IBD-PSO algorithm is proposed to solve the transformed GSO problem. Based on the Starlink constellation, simulation results have verified the proposed method by comparisons with previous studies. We further investigate how the gateway placement is affected by gateway number and traffic demand pattern. The relations between gateway placement and ISL hop-count of different satellites are also studied.

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Section: B Results Of Best-obtained Gateway Placementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Results Of Best-obtained Gateway Placementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Satellite Constellation and Islsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Optimal Gateway Placement for Minimizing Intersatellite Link Usage in LEO Megaconstellation Networks

Chen

Yang

Guo³

et al. 2022

IEEE Internet Things J.

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“…• Brute-force approaches, such as the MC method (typically used to evaluate constellation designs together with theoretical modeling approaches [141,142]); • Evolutionary algorithms, such as GA [21,74,143,144] and PSO [20,55]; • SA methods [21,143,145]; • ML-based methods [22,146]; • Other methods: in addition to the above-mentioned methods, there are also some advanced algorithms that have evolved from the previous ones, such as MOGA [19] or HRPSO [55], that combine the optimization process with analytical methods to improve or expand the optimization performance.…”

Section: Applicable Optimization Methods For Space Segmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey on Optimization Methods for LEO-Satellite-Based Networks with Applications in Future Autonomous Transportation

Çelikbilek

Saleem

Ferre

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Future autonomous transportation is one of the most demanding application areas in terms of connectivity, as it has to simultaneously meet stringent criteria that do not typically go hand in hand, such as high throughput, low latency, high coverage/availability, high positioning and sensing accuracies, high security and robustness to interferences, etc. In order to meet the future demands of challenging applications, such as applications relying on autonomous vehicles, terrestrial networks are no longer sufficient and are to be augmented in the future with satellite-based networks. Among the emerging satellite networks, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) networks are able to provide advantages over traditional Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) and Geo-Stationary Earth Orbit (GEO) networks in terms of signal latency, cost, and performance. Nevertheless, several challenges exist in LEO system design, which have not been fully addressed in the existing literature. In particular, the problem of LEO-system optimization of design parameters is a multi-dimensional problem with many aspects to be considered. This paper offers a comprehensive survey of the LEO-system design parameters, of the challenges in LEO system design process, and of the optimization methods for satellite communication, positioning, and sensing applications, as well as a summarizing discussion on the design considerations for LEO-based networks to support future autonomous transportation.

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Coverage enhancement for 6G satellite-terrestrial integrated networks: performance metrics, constellation configuration and resource allocation

Sheng

Zhou

Bai

et al. 2023

Sci. China Inf. Sci.

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An Optimization Method for the Gateway Station Deployment in LEO Satellite Systems

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Optimal Gateway Placement for Minimizing Intersatellite Link Usage in LEO Megaconstellation Networks

Optimal Gateway Placement for Minimizing Intersatellite Link Usage in LEO Megaconstellation Networks

Survey on Optimization Methods for LEO-Satellite-Based Networks with Applications in Future Autonomous Transportation

Coverage enhancement for 6G satellite-terrestrial integrated networks: performance metrics, constellation configuration and resource allocation

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