“…Additional setup cost to switch between workstations, jobs, or products. Galvin (1987), Gascon and Leachman (1988), Sethi and Sethi (1990), Yan and Zhang (1997), Wolsey (1997), Van Oyen (1998), Inman (1999), Tsubone and Horikawa (1999), Robinson and Sahin (2001), Lahmar et al (2003), Han et al (2003), Hur et al (2003), de Matta and Miller (2004), Hajji et al (2004), Wu et al (2004), Brahimi et al (2006) Switching the production rate Hall (1988), Kim and Han (2001), Kamrad and Ernst (2001), Larsen (2005) Machine start-up/shutdown Pattloch and Schmidt (1996), Liaee and Emmons (1997), Kim and Han (2001), Khouja (2005), Sim et al (2006) Machine cleaning Kumar (1995), Wolsey (1997), Olson and Schniederjans (2000), Robinson andSahin (2001), de Matta andMiller (2004), Brahimi et al (2006) Production loss Watkins (1957), Paul et al (1980), Weber (2006 Tooling Kumar (1995), Sim et al (2006), Brahimi et al (2006) Deterioration in quality Paul et al (1980), Khouja (2005) Machine adjustment Koulamas (1993), …”