An Organophilic Pervaporation Membrane Derived from Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticles for Efficient Recovery of Bio‐Alcohols

Metal organic framework based mixed matrix membranes: An increasingly important field of research with a large application potential

“…These works can be separated into those using low flux polymers (PSF: polysulfone [31,[59][60][61][62][63]; PPEES: poly(1,4-phenylen ether-ether-sulfone) [64]; PVAc: polyvinyl acetate [65]; polyetherimide Ultem Ò [56]; polyimide Matrimid Ò [29,32,56,[66][67][68][69][70]; PBI (polybenzimidazole); and those dealing with high flux polymers (PDMS: polydimethylsiloxane [31,67], PMPS: polymethylphenylsiloxane [71] and 6FDA-DAM: 2,2-bis(3,4-carboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane dianhydride-diaminomesitylene). [56,72] In the classification below, glassy polymers are considered low flux polymers (PA < 50 Barrer), while rubbery polymers usually give rise to higher fluxes (PA > 100 Barrer).…”

“…Pure gas permeation showed significantly enhanced C 3 H 6 /C 3 H 8 separation over the pure 6FDA-DAM membrane performance. By adding 48 wt.% of ZIF-8 to the polymer matrix a In the same context, Liu et al [71] reported the efficient recovery of bio-alcohols by means of pervaporation using MMMs composed of ZIF-8 nanoparticles and silicon rubber polymethylphenylsiloxane (PMPS) coated on the inside surface of alumina capillary substrates. Separation factor and permeability (dilute aqueous solutions (1.0 wt.%) of ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol and n-pentanol alcohols increased simultaneously as the ZIF-8 loading in the composite membrane so did, demonstrating a bright future of MOF containing MMMs also in liquid separations.…”

Origins and Evolution of Inorganic-Based and MOF-Based Mixed-Matrix Membranes for Gas Separations

“…The increased selectivities were attributed to strong interactions of CO 2 with the MOF frameworks. Another significant development in MOF-based MMMs came also in 2011, where X. L. Liu, et al extended the application of MOF-based MMMs to the recovery of C2-C5 alcohols from water by organophilic pervaporation [38]. The incorporation of the superhydrophobic and flexible framework of ZIF-8 into PMPS, a silicone rubber polymer, resulted in thin, defect-free ZIF-8/PMPS MMMs (Figure 21a) that were supported on alumina capillaries and showed a isobutanol/water selectivity of 40.1 and an isobutanol permeance of 7000 GPU.…”

“…The reduced performance of the ZIF-7/PMPS MMMs was attributed to the reduced pore aperture of ZIF-7 (0.30 nm) and to its more rigid framework. [38]. The incorporation of the superhydrophobic and flexible framework of ZIF-8 into PMPS, a silicone rubber polymer, resulted in thin, defect-free ZIF-8/PMPS MMMs (Figure 21a) that were supported on alumina capillaries and showed a isobutanol/water selectivity of 40.1 and an isobutanol permeance of 7000 GPU.…”

Highly and Stably Water Permeable Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes Doped with MIL-101 (Cr) Nanoparticles for Reverse Osmosis Application

“…Basu et al doped MOFs [MIL-47,HKUST-1, MIL-53(Al) and ZIF-8] in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes to reject Rose Bengal (RB) from isopropanol, the MOFs doped MMMs showed significantly higher retention of RB than undoped PDMS membranes [37]. Liu et al prepared organophilic pervaporation membranes by adding ZIF-8 nanoparticles into silicone rubber membranes, the ZIF-8 doped membranes showed promising performance for recovering bio-alcohols from dilute aqueous solution [38]. Sorribas et al reported that the permeate fluxes of PA/MOFs [ZIF-8, MIL-53 (Al), NH2-MIL-53 (Al) and MIL-101 (Cr)] membranes were 1.6–5.5 times higher than the pure PA membrane for the separation of styrene oligomers from methanol and tetrahydrofuran [19].…”