An Overview of Agrochemicals and Their Effects on Environment in Nepal

Bhandari, Govinda

doi:10.12691/aees-2-2-5

Cited by 83 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Moreover, most farmers (83%) responded that they had never received an opportunity to participate in any technical seminar or workshops related to the pest management (Table 4). A similar communication gap on information exchange has been reported between government extension workers and farmers in Rupendehi district [9], where nearly 98% of farmers had no training related to agrochemical use.…”

Section: Concept Of Integrated Pest Management (Ipm)supporting

confidence: 59%

“…Repeated use of single or limited pesticide active ingredients (a.i. ), use of higher rates of pesticide than needed, and lack of user knowledge on pesticide type and toxicity are some of the current major issues associated with the pesticide use in Nepal [9]. Several chemical pesticides used in agriculture are known to cause health problems in human, livestock, and produce an adverse impact on plant diversity and environment in both short and long run [6,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Farmers’ Knowledge on Pesticide Safety and Pest Management Practices: A Case Study of Vegetable Growers in Chitwan, Nepal

Rijal¹,

Regmi

Ghimire

et al. 2018

Agriculture

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Farmers' knowledge on pesticides and their safe use are critical for implementing effective pest management program. A household survey was conducted using the semi-structured questionnaire to evaluate vegetable growers' knowledge on pesticide safety and pest management practices in Nepal. Results indicated that chemical pesticides were the primary choice of over 80% growers for pest management. Notably, 90% growers were aware of adverse effects of pesticides on human health and to the environment. Over 84% growers used at least one form of personal protection equipment (PPE) during pesticide spray or handling, although the quality and appropriateness of the PPE warrants further investigation. Nearly 17% growers received at least one short-term training on integrated pest management (IPM); however, all of them neither knew the harmful effects of pesticide residues nor practiced proper pesticide disposal methods. Over 90% of growers rely on local pesticide retailers (i.e., Agro-vets) for technical know-how about pesticide selection, handling, and use. This study highlighted a need for immediate implementation of strict pesticide use regulations and recommended educational programs for pest control professionals, growers, and pesticide retailers.

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Section: Concept Of Integrated Pest Management (Ipm)supporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmers’ Knowledge on Pesticide Safety and Pest Management Practices: A Case Study of Vegetable Growers in Chitwan, Nepal

Rijal¹,

Regmi

Ghimire

et al. 2018

Agriculture

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is estimated that, only 0.1% of pesticides actually reaches pests, while the remainder stays in the environment or on food (Pimentel, 2005;Kumar et al, 2013). Extant research findings reveal that continuous use of agrochemicals in farming poses health implications, as millions of agricultural workers suffer ill-health effects every year that manifest in intestinal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, neurological, reproductive, and endocrine disorders, birth defects, and mutagenicity as well as cancers and poisoning in humans (Pimentel, 2005;Bhandari, 2014). The authors maintain that long-term exposure to pesticides leads to the development of worker's respiratory diseases such as asthma, reduced sperm quality and sperm count causing sterility.…”

Section: The Use Of Agro-chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, ingestion of fertilizers in the form of nitrate is toxic to humans and animals, which may lead to goiter, birth defects, heart disease and stomach, liver and esophagus cancers (Conway and Pretty, 1991;Pimentel, 2005;Bhandari, 2014). Based on these deleterious effects of agrochemicals on humans and the environment, Bhandari (2014) advocated several stringent measures such as integrated pest management, farmer extension and education, pesticide management through legislation and regulation, etc to minimize the poisoning of the applicants and other stakeholders.…”

Section: The Use Of Agro-chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Agricultural Practices on Environmental Sustainability in Ghana: A Review

Adomako¹,

Ampadu²

2015

JSD

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Agriculture continues to play its role as the backbone of the Ghanaian economy despite that its contribution to GDP has declined by seven-percentage points between 2007 and 2013. The relationship between agricultural practices and environmental sustainability poses serious challenges, yet it has attracted less attention in many developing countries particularly in Ghana. This paper presents a review of the impact of agricultural practices on environmental sustainability in Ghana.The findings of the study reveal that some of the country's agricultural practices such as deforestation, slash-and-burn agriculture, negative soil nutrients balance, increased dependence on agro-chemicals for both crop and animal production -chemical fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides, vaccines and antibiotics, antimicrobial drugs, biotechnology, etc threaten our environmental sustainability and need to be altered. Besides, degrading the soil, water, air and biodiversity as well as posing health risks to both famers and consumers, the practices also contribute to high carbon-emissions into the atmosphere facilitating climate change. The effects of climate on agricultural production and productivity are devastating and negate farmers' income and livelihoods, health and the environment in general. These agricultural practices are not sustainable; as they degrade the environment and reduce the effective functioning of the essential ecosystem services; and ultimately, undermine the nutritional and health value of foods.The study recommended sustainable agricultural practices to enhance environmental sustainability through developing resilient/adaptive and low-carbon economy technologies that aim to cope with the vagaries of climate change and reduce the emissions of carbon compounds thereby, protecting the natural resource base of the environment for both present and future generations.

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“…Second form of pesticides is solids and solids include powder, dust, pellets and pastes and these applied directly (by hand). Gases are the third form of pesticides and they are usually tiny particles [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrimental Effects of Pesticides on Health and Environment

Zia

Talib

Ahmad

2017

JEBT

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Pesticides are toxic chemicals used for controlling of insects and pests which caused harms to plants or animals. Pesticides also effect the environment as well as human health. They play a vital role in securing of food but they require a number of risks and problems. Therefore, present study is designed to know the pesticide usage and its harmful effects on environment and health of cotton growers. There are 19 rural union councils out of which 4 were selected through simple random sampling. From each selected union council, 2 villages were selected at random and from each selected village, 20 cotton growers were selected randomly thus making a sample size of 160 respondents. A well planned pre-tested and validated interview schedule was prepared for the collection of data from the selected respondents. The collected data were examined by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for illustration conclusions and making recommendations. A vast majority (90%) of the respondents selected the pesticides on better results, (83.1%) on behalf of multinational company and majority (76.3%) selected pesticides of national company and a significant of majority (70%) of respondents used the gloves whereas a huge majority (85.6%) of respondents weared the mask during pesticide application. It was found that a huge majority (81.9%) of respondents had headache effect, 67.1% had fatigue, and majority (68.8%) had dizziness while 68.1% had skin disorders. Govt. should promote the first aid training program for safety measurement regarding pesticide usage and enhance the protection techniques for environment and health of organisms regarding pesticides effect.

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An Overview of Agrochemicals and Their Effects on Environment in Nepal

Cited by 83 publications

References 36 publications

Farmers’ Knowledge on Pesticide Safety and Pest Management Practices: A Case Study of Vegetable Growers in Chitwan, Nepal

Farmers’ Knowledge on Pesticide Safety and Pest Management Practices: A Case Study of Vegetable Growers in Chitwan, Nepal

The Impact of Agricultural Practices on Environmental Sustainability in Ghana: A Review

Detrimental Effects of Pesticides on Health and Environment

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