An Overview of Brucellosis in Cattle and Humans, and its Serological and Molecular Diagnosis in Control Strategies

Khan, Muhammad Zahoor; Zahoor, Muhammad Kashif

doi:10.3390/tropicalmed3020065

Cited by 141 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(145 reference statements)

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“…It is also worth mentioning that all resistant Brucella strains were isolated from animals and they showed resistance to antimicrobials clinically used in humans practice, suggesting that the source of these Brucella strains may be of human origin. These findings point to the fact that inter-species and intra-host species Brucella transmission is common, but spillback may occur also when chronic human brucellosis is mistreated and resistant strains are shedded [67]. A likely scenario would be the animal keeper interface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Identification, Genotyping and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Brucella spp. Isolated from Livestock in Egypt

et al. 2019

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Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonosis worldwide with economic and public health impacts. The aim of the present study was to identify Brucella (B.) spp. isolated from animal populations located in different districts of Egypt and to determine their antimicrobial resistance. In total, 34-suspected Brucella isolates were recovered from lymph nodes, milk, and fetal abomasal contents of infected cattle, buffaloes, sheep, and goats from nine districts in Egypt. The isolates were identified by microbiological methods and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Differentiation and genotyping were confirmed using multiplex PCR for B. abortus, Brucella melitensis, Brucella ovis, and Brucella suis (AMOS) and Bruce-ladder PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing against clinically used antimicrobial agents (chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, imipenem, rifampicin, streptomycin, and tetracycline) was performed using E-Test. The antimicrobial resistance-associated genes and mutations in Brucella isolates were confirmed using molecular tools. In total, 29 Brucella isolates (eight B. abortus biovar 1 and 21 B. melitensis biovar 3) were identified and typed. The resistance of B. melitensis to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, imipenem, rifampicin, and streptomycin were 76.2%, 19.0%, 76.2%, 66.7%, and 4.8%, respectively. Whereas, 25.0%, 87.5%, 25.0%, and 37.5% of B. abortus were resistant to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, imipenem, and rifampicin, respectively. Mutations in the rpoB gene associated with rifampicin resistance were identified in all phenotypically resistant isolates. Mutations in gyrA and gyrB genes associated with ciprofloxacin resistance were identified in four phenotypically resistant isolates of B. melitensis. This is the first study highlighting the antimicrobial resistance in Brucella isolated from different animal species in Egypt. Mutations detected in genes associated with antimicrobial resistance unravel the molecular mechanisms of resistance in Brucella isolates from Egypt. The mutations in the rpoB gene in phenotypically resistant B. abortus isolates in this study were reported for the first time in Egypt.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Identification, Genotyping and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Brucella spp. Isolated from Livestock in Egypt

et al. 2019

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“…Globally, brucellosis is a zoonosis affecting a wide range of domestic and wild animals and humans (Marvi et al, 2018). Due to its complex nature, brucellosis remains a serious threat to public health and livestock in developing countries (Khan and Zahoor, 2018). The genus Brucella has traditionally been divided into six species based on host preference, B. abortus, cattle; B. melitensis, sheep and goats; B. suis, pigs; B. canis, dogs; B. ovis, sheep; and B. neotomae, wood desert rats (De Figueiredo et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characteristics of Brucella Isolates Collected From Humans in Hainan Province, China

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Brucellosis has been reported in several regions of Hainan Province, but the extent of the disease has not been fully elucidated. Conventional biotyping methods, multiple locus variable number tandem repeats analysis (MLVA), and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from draft genome sequencing were employed to characterize the strains. There were four biovars (Brucella melitensis bv. 1, 2, and 3 and Brucella suis bv. 3) detected, which showed that the biovar diversity of Brucella in Hainan is higher than in other areas of China. Both B. melitensis bv. 3 and B. suis bv. 3 were dominant species and showed epidemiology patterns that were compatible with both southern and northern China. Eight of MLVA-11 genotypes were known (31, 111, 116, 120, 136, 291, 297, and 345), and the remaining seven were novel (HN11-1 to HN11-7); these data showed that Brucella strains in this study had multiple geographic origins and exhibited characteristics of origin and evolution of co-existing imported and Hainan specific lineage. A total of 41 strains were found, belonging to 37 unique genotypes that each represented a single strain, which suggests that these strains were not directly related epidemiologically and indicates that the epidemic characteristics of human brucellosis in Hainan was dominated by sporadic strains. The high HGDI values were observed in MLVA-8, MLVA-11, and MLVA-16 among two species, suggesting considerable genetic diversity among these species. MST is characterized based on MLVA-16 that was found both throughout China and on a global level and showed that strains of this study had significant genetic differences with strains from many parts of the globe and seemingly represent a unique genetic lineage. Whole-genome SNP analysis showed that four B. melitensis were closely related to strains from China's northern provinces, and the source of infection was partly of human brucellosis in this province that may have been from these regions. The B. suis were closely related to strains from the United States, and further investigation of the transportation of animals, such as pigs, is needed to elucidate the origins of these strains.

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“…Brucellosis is a systemic zoonotic infection transmitted by contact with fluids of infected animals or ingestion of their unpasteurized dairy products or undercooked meat [10]. It is among the most common zoonoses in the world [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Brucellosis with Possible Ileal Involvement

Santos

Silva

Nejo

et al. 2019

GE Port J Gastroenterol

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Introduction: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that can involve different organs and tissues. Fever, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, and arthritis are the usual modes of presentation. Gastrointestinal manifestations of human brucellosis are common but documented ileal involvement is extremely rare. Case Description: A 68-year-old female presented with a history of 10 days of intense temporal migraine, photophobia, and phonophobia with partial response to paracetamol. The patient referred night sweats, anorexia, and colicky abdominal pain after her meals for the past 4 months followed by diarrhea. She denied nausea, vomiting, hypersensitivity of the scalp, blurry vision, melena, or rectal bleeding. She denied travelling or contact with animals. Physical examination revealed fever (38.3 ° C) and splenomegaly. Laboratory workup revealed Hb 7.8 g/dL, leukopenia (3.47 × 10 9 /L), C-reactive protein 5.94 mg/dL, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate 23 mm/h. Abdominal ultrasound showed hepatic steatosis and mild ho-

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An Overview of Brucellosis in Cattle and Humans, and its Serological and Molecular Diagnosis in Control Strategies

Cited by 141 publications

References 131 publications

Identification, Genotyping and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Brucella spp. Isolated from Livestock in Egypt

Identification, Genotyping and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Brucella spp. Isolated from Livestock in Egypt

Molecular Characteristics of Brucella Isolates Collected From Humans in Hainan Province, China

A Case of Brucellosis with Possible Ileal Involvement

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