An overview of cyberknife radiosurgery

Abstract

Stereotactic radiosurgery is a non-invasive procedure that utilizes precisely targeted radiation as an ablative surgical tool. Conventional radiosurgery devices, such as the Gamma Knife, rely upon skeletally attached stereotactic frames to immobilize the patient and precisely determine the 3D spatial position of a tumor. A relatively new instrument, the CyberKnife (Accuray, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA), makes it possible to administer radiosurgery without a frame. The CyberKnife localizes clinical targets using a very accurate image-to-image correlation algorithm, and precisely cross-fires high-energy radiation from a lightweight linear accelerator by means of a highly manipulable robotic arm. CyberKnife radiosurgery is an effective alternative to conventional surgery or radiation therapy for a range of tumors and some non-neoplastic disorders. This report will describe CyberKnife technology and oncologic applications in neurosurgery and throughout the body.

Prospective therapies for high-grade glial tumours: A literature review

“…The Gamma Knife is a focused array of intersecting beams of gamma radiation to treat lesions within the brain and has been a gold standard method for delivery of stereotactic neuroradiosurgery [19] . The CyberKnife syste m was developed with the intention of delivering radiotherapy more accurately than standard protocols by combining the radiation produced from a small linear particle accelerator and a robotic arm that allows the energy to be directed at any part of the body from any direction [19] . The Gamma Knife requires a stereotactic frame placement that does not allow movement during treatment while CyberKnife allows for mobility and the integration of real-time imaging during radiotherapy session [20,21] .…”

Aspects of intracerebral hematomas - an update

“…There are altogether twelve randomized controlled trials that have addressed the issue of surgical treatment of ICH (71)(72)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77)(78)(79)(80)(81)(82). Common to all are different endpoints, inclusion criteria and surgical procedures.…”

Modular robotic platform for precision neurosurgery with a bio-inspired needle: System overview and first in-vivo deployment

“…Currently, the Renishaw neuromate ® stereotactic robot is a commercially available 5 Degrees of Freedom (DoF) serial manipulator system [ 36 ] suitable for a broad range of procedures such as deployment of electrodes for Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) [ 37 ], stereo-electroencephalography [ 38 ] and other stereotactic applications. Other robotic, frameless stereotactic solutions include the Zimmer Biomet (originally MedTech) Rosa brain, a 6 DoF serial robotic manipulator designed for the accurate placement and insertion of neurosurgical tools [ 39 ], the Medtronic (originally Mazor Robotics) Renaissance system, a hexapod parallel robotic manipulator with 6 DoF that is directly mounted to the skull of the patient and used for DBS and biopsies, and CyberKnife [ 40 ]. CyberKnife is a frameless platform for stereotactic radiosurgery—a non-invasive procedure that uses precisely targeted radiation as an ablative surgical tool.…”