An overview of low‐temperature plasma surface modification of carbon materials for removal of pollutants from liquid and gas phases

Huang, Yao-Wei; Yu, Qiongfen; Li, Ming; Sun, Shengnan; Zhao, Hong; Jin, Shaoxuan; Fan, Jie; Wang, Jian-gen

doi:10.1002/ppap.202000171

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…The possible mechanism of surface activation could be divided into the presented steps in Figure e. The high-energy active species (HASs) generated by plasma, including free radicals, excited molecules or atoms, positive ions, and electrons, first attack the carbon surface and result in a high-energy surface. , Then, the highly reactive N and O plasma reacts with the high-energy CF surface and form different functional groups . The possible functional groups inferred from the XPS results are CO, O–CO, pyridinic-N, pyrrolic-N, and graphitic-N, as illustrated in Figure e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Lifespan Zinc-Ion Batteries Boosted by a Carbon Fiber Scaffold after Low-Temperature Plasma Treatment

Ye³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. Chem. C

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With the rapid development of energy storage devices, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have received great attention due to their high theoretical capacity, low cost, and high safety. However, the poor cycle life due to dendrites caused by uneven zinc stripping/plating restricts their commercial application. Herein, an artificial layer, carbon fiber (CF) scaffold treated by low-temperature plasma (LTP), which is placed between the zinc anode and the separator, is proposed to inhibit dendrites. In this work, the increased polar groups obtained from LTP treatment on the surface of CFs can act as nuclear sites and induce uniform deposition of zinc on the surface. Furthermore, the uniform electric field distribution and the smaller local current on CF surfaces can lead to a smaller and more homogeneous deposition. In addition, the CFs above the zinc anode can inhibit the excessive growth of dendrites on the zinc anode due to the suppressive effect. As a result, symmetric cells with the CF scaffold show a smaller polarization voltage and a longer cycling life of over 1000 h, and full cells based on the MnO 2 cathode show better reversibility and rate performance. We believe that our research can bring potential ideas and inspiration in surface engineering strategies for dendrite-free Zn anodes and boost the development of advanced aqueous ZIBs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Lifespan Zinc-Ion Batteries Boosted by a Carbon Fiber Scaffold after Low-Temperature Plasma Treatment

Ye³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. Chem. C

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“…[20] There have been some latest researches on plasma-modified carbon materials, which found that plasma modification could increase the adsorption capacity of metal ions. [21] For example, when biochar was treated with NH 3 plasma, the emission intensity of NH species on the surface of the biochar showed a dependency on the discharge intensity. [22] O 2 and N 2 plasma modification enhanced the formation of oxygen-containing functional groups and nitrogen-containing functional groups on Activated carbon (AC) surface, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Thermal Oxygen-Helium Plasma Modification and Regeneration of Sawdust Biochar to Promote Aniline Removal

Zhang¹,

Yu²,

Wang³

2022

ES Energy Environ.

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The pollutant adsorption performance of produced biochar could be dramatically improved by low-energy cost plasma technology. Non-thermal oxygen-helium plasma was proposed to modify and regenerate sawdust biochar by enhancing oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of biochar. The effect of discharge gas, discharge time, carrier gas flow rate and discharge power on the product's performance for aniline removal were investigated in detail. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed that plasma treatment could etch the surface of biochar and form pits. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and elemental analysis showed that the oxygen content of the modified biochar increased from 20.15% to 23.88%, and more oxygen-containing functional groups were formed on the surface. After the oxygen-helium non-thermal plasma modification, the aniline adsorption capacity of the biochar increased by about 23.5%. Meanwhile, water vapor was introduced into the plasma regeneration system. The regeneration ratio maintained at 80% after ten times of regeneration, which was much higher than the thermal regeneration ratio of 55.28%. It was speculated that the adsorption mechanism was that the amino group of aniline forms a hydrogen bond with a carbonyl group and a carboxyl group, and the carbonyl group forms an electron donor-acceptor structure with the aromatic ring of aniline.

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“…This is mainly due to the numerous applications of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), including in liquid media [ 3 , 4 ]. The liquid–CAP interaction is being increasingly studied due to its importance in applications such as nanoparticle (NP) synthesis [ 3 , 5 ], environmental remediation [ 6 ], sterilization [ 7 ], agriculture [ 8 ], biology [ 9 ], medicine [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], and food [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. These and other applications are possible due to the generation of UV radiation, shock waves, and active radicals from the plasma, whose reaction product with the liquid is, almost always, the precursor of the modification of material properties [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma–Saline Water Interaction: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Plasma–liquid interaction research has developed substantially in recent years due, mostly, to the numerous applications of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP). Plasma–liquid interactions are influenced by the concentrations of the ionic species present in the liquid environment, and few studies have paid attention to saline water, which generally mediates the reactions in many plasma applications. Therefore, the present review aims to explore the main results and the influence of variables on the modification of properties of saline water by CAP sources following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The searches were carried out in the Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases, resulting in the inclusion of 37 studies. The main effects of the interaction between CAP and saline water are (i) the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS); (ii) the increase in conductivity and decrease in pH, directly proportional to the increase in discharge voltage; (iii) and the effective area of interaction and the shortest distance between electrode and solution. Other effects are the localized evaporation and crystallization of salts, which make the interaction between plasma and saline water a promising field in the development of technologies for desalination and improvement of liquid properties.

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An overview of low‐temperature plasma surface modification of carbon materials for removal of pollutants from liquid and gas phases

Cited by 33 publications

References 161 publications

Long-Lifespan Zinc-Ion Batteries Boosted by a Carbon Fiber Scaffold after Low-Temperature Plasma Treatment

Long-Lifespan Zinc-Ion Batteries Boosted by a Carbon Fiber Scaffold after Low-Temperature Plasma Treatment

Non-Thermal Oxygen-Helium Plasma Modification and Regeneration of Sawdust Biochar to Promote Aniline Removal

Plasma–Saline Water Interaction: A Systematic Review

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