The atmosphere of Mars is ~6mbar of total pressure (compared to ~1 bar on Earth) and 95%CO 2 . Thermodynamic calculations have been made of the partial pressure of oxygen as a function of temperature assuming various impurities in the remaining 5%. These oxygen pressures are sufficient to oxidize most common metals in the 900-1300K range. Therefore, oxidation resistance will be a concern for materials of construction in a high temperature fission reactor on Mars. An additional environmental resistance consideration is internal carburization during exposures in CO 2 . The effect of low pressure CO 2 exposures on the mechanical properties of austenitic alloys is being investigated.