An overview of natural additive enhancers and their effectiveness in mitigating crude oil flow issues: Characterization and case study

Bded, Asaad Salim; Ahmad, Mohd Azmier

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2022.10.043

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Due to the presence of reactive functional groups, natural fatty acids can effectively interact with the alkyl chains in polymers and lower the pour point to inhibit the deposition of wax and asphaltenes. 134,135 Natural CNSL is an industrial byproduct that is inexpensive, easy to extract, and high in yield. The main component of CNSL extracted from waste biomass is anacardic acid.…”

Section: Green Pour Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main focus is on fatty acids, including castor seed oil rich in oleic, linoleic, and ricinoleic acid glycerides, as well as hairy palm oil, anacardic acid extracted from natural cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), olive oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, glycerin, etc. Due to the presence of reactive functional groups, natural fatty acids can effectively interact with the alkyl chains in polymers and lower the pour point to inhibit the deposition of wax and asphaltenes. , Natural CNSL is an industrial byproduct that is inexpensive, easy to extract, and high in yield. The main component of CNSL extracted from waste biomass is anacardic acid.…”

Section: Classification Of Pour Point Depressantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research Status and Outlook of Mechanism, Characterization, Performance Evaluation, and Type of Pour Point Depressants in Waxy Crude Oil: A Review

Li,

Guo,

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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With the depletion of conventional oil resources, waxy crude oil has become a focus of development. Wax deposition is prone to occur in crude oil at low temperatures, and can easily cause pipeline blockage. Hence, preventing wax deposition while ensuring the safety of pipeline transportation and reducing energy consumption has become a popular research topic. Pour point depressants are normally used to solve the wax deposition problem. In this paper, recent research on pour point depressants is reviewed and the mechanism by which pour point depressants inhibit wax deposition is clarified. Commonly used characterization methods and performance evaluations in the research of pour point depressants are summarized. According to the composition of pour point depressants, the chemical structures and effects of polymers, surfactants, green pour point depressants, and nanohybridized pour point depressants are analyzed. Among these four, nanohybridized pour point depressants have better application prospects due to their unique size, excellent heat resistance, stability, and exceptional optical, electrical, and magnetic properties, which can effectively improve the inhibition performance of pure polymers or surfactants. Finally, future challenges in pour point depressants are analyzed.

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Section: Green Pour Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Classification Of Pour Point Depressantsmentioning

confidence: 99%