An overview of post‐COVID‐19 complications

Elhiny, Rehab; Al‐Jumaili, Ali Azeez; Yawuz, Mohammed Jamal

doi:10.1111/ijcp.14614

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…6 Additionally, lung abnormalities, neurological complications, and workout intolerance are commonly noted complications among survivors. 7 Patients die due to multiple organ failure, shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, heart failure, anemia, arrhythmias, secondary infection, and renal failure. 5,8 Additionally, male sex, older age, history of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, 9 and immunosuppression (opportunistic infection) 9,10 were associated with an increased risk of hospitalization/death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Case Fatality Rate and Factors Contributing to Mortality in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence

Girma¹,

Dejene²,

Geleta³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Background:The ongoing novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is triggering significant morbidity and mortality due to its contagious nature and absence of definitive management. In Ethiopia, despite a number of primary studies have been conducted to estimate the case fatality rate (CFR) of COVID-19, no review study has attempted to summarize the findings to better understand the nature of pandemics and the virulence of the disease. Objective: To summarize the CFR of COVID-19 and factors contributing to mortality in Ethiopia. Methods: PRISMA guideline was followed. PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Hinari, and Google Scholar were systematically searched using pre-specified keywords. Observational studies ie, cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale adapted for observational studies was used to assess the quality of included studies. CFR was defined as the proportion of COVID-19 cases with the outcome of death within a given period. Factors contributing to COVID-19 mortality at p-value <0.05 were described narratively from the eligible articles. Results: A total of 13 observational studies were included in this study. Consequently, this review confirmed the CFR of COVID-19 in Ethiopia ranges between 1-20%. Additionally, comorbid conditions, older age group, male sex, substance use, clinical manifestations (abnormal oxygen saturation level, atypical lymphocyte count, fever, and shortness of breath), disease severity, and history of surgery/trauma increased the likelihood of death from COVID-19 death. Conclusion:This study shows that the range of CFR of COVID-19 in Ethiopia is almost equivalent to other countries, despite the country's low testing capacity and case detection rate in reference to its total population. Comorbid diseases, older age group, male sex, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, clinical manifestations and disease severity, and history of surgery/trauma were factors contributing to COVID-19 mortality in Ethiopia. Therefore, given the alarming global situation and rapidly evolving large-scale pandemics, urgent interdisciplinary interventions should be implemented in those vulnerable groups to lessen the risk of mortality. Furthermore, the CFR of COVID-19 should be estimated from all treatment and rehabilitation centers in the country, as underestimation could be linked to a lack of preparedness and mitigation. A large set of prospective studies are also compulsory to better understand the CFR of COVID-19 in Ethiopia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Case Fatality Rate and Factors Contributing to Mortality in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence

Girma¹,

Dejene²,

Geleta³

et al. 2022

IDR

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show abstract

“…Sore throat, congestion, runny nose or loss of taste/smell were reported in some cases recently. [ 3 ] However, some cases developed complications such as RNAemia (SARS-COV-2 viral load), acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute cardiac injury, secondary infection, sepsis, septic shock and multiple organs failure. [ 4–7 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What might COVID-19 patients experience after recovery? A comprehensive review

Elhiny

Al‐Jumaili

Yawuz

2022

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Objectives The objective of this review was to describe the COVID-19 complications after recovery. Methods The researchers systematically reviewed studies that reported post-COVID-19 complications from three databases: PubMed, Google Scholar and the World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 database. The search was conducted between 21 November 2020 and 14 January 2021. Inclusion criteria were articles written in English, with primary data, reporting complications of COVID-19 after full recovery. The review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 statement. Key findings This review included 69 studies with 146 725 patients from 22 countries related to post-COVID-19 complications. Thirty-six studies reported post-cure respiratory complications, ranging from dyspnoea to residual pulmonary fibrosis. Cardiac symptoms were reported in nine studies, including palpitation, chest pain and diastolic dysfunction. Neurological complications included post-traumatic stress syndrome, anxiety, depression, memory issues, insomnia and sleeping disturbance, cognitive impairments and stigma. Gastrointestinal symptoms included nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and acute liver injury. The physical decline was the most common symptom reported in the musculoskeletal complications. Conclusion COVID-19 may cause several types of complications after recovery (testing negative PCR). The identified complications include respiratory, neurological/mental, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, musculoskeletal and miscellaneous complications. However, the key impairments were pulmonary consequences, psychological problems and exercise intolerance. Thus, COVID-19 patients may need long-term follow-up.

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“…Moreover, individuals with chronic diabetes mellitus (DM) are three times more likely to die from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared to infected individuals without DM 10 – 12 . In addition, many ICU patients that survived also develop post-COVID syndrome or long COVID whose symptoms include persistent cognitive impairment, immunosuppression, lung damage, heart, kidney, and vascular diseases 13 , 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated plasma level of the glycolysis byproduct methylglyoxal on admission is an independent biomarker of mortality in ICU COVID-19 patients

Alomar

Alshakhs

Abohelaika

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Biomarkers to identify ICU COVID-19 patients at high risk for mortality are urgently needed for therapeutic care and management. Here we found plasma levels of the glycolysis byproduct methylglyoxal (MG) were 4.4-fold higher in ICU patients upon admission that later died (n = 33), and 1.7-fold higher in ICU patients that survived (n = 32),compared to uninfected controls (n = 30). The increased MG in patients that died correlated inversely with the levels of the MG-degrading enzyme glyoxalase-1 (r2 = − 0.50), and its co-factor glutathione (r2 = − 0.63), and positively with monocytes (r2 = 0.29). The inflammation markers, SSAO (r2 = 0.52), TNF-α (r2 = 0.41), IL-1β (r2 = 0.25), CRP (r2 = 0.26) also correlated positively with MG. Logistic regression analysis provides evidence of a significant relationship between the elevated MG upon admission into ICU and death (P < 0.0001), with 42% of the death variability explained. From these data we conclude that elevated plasma MG on admission is a novel independent biomarker that predicts mortality in ICU COVID-19 patients.

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An overview of post‐COVID‐19 complications

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

COVID-19 Case Fatality Rate and Factors Contributing to Mortality in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence

COVID-19 Case Fatality Rate and Factors Contributing to Mortality in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence

What might COVID-19 patients experience after recovery? A comprehensive review

Elevated plasma level of the glycolysis byproduct methylglyoxal on admission is an independent biomarker of mortality in ICU COVID-19 patients

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