An Overview of Sexual Assault Cases in Nepal

Hirachan, N.; Limbu, D

doi:10.3126/jgmcn.v9i2.17865

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Our study showed that most respondents were abused between the ages of 12 and 16 which matches with the results from sexual abuse victims examined in the forensic medicine department of different Nepali Medical Schools where half of the victims were from this age group. 16 Many of our respondents claimed to have forgotten the incident that might have happened before the age of 11. In a study from southern Brazil, 60% of all reported CSA happened before age 12.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Similarly, a retrospective and descriptive analysis of cases of sexual abuse victims examined in the forensic medicine department at IOM, Maharajgunj and Gandaki Medical College, Pokhara over four years (2012-2016 A.D.) provided the fact that 87% of the perpetrator were known individuals and only 13% were strangers. 16 A systematic review done among studies published between 2002-2009 reported that 9 girls and 3 boys out of 100 were victims of forced intercourse. 17 We had a total of three respondents who were victims of forced sexual intercourse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Child Sexual Abuse among School Children of a Municipality: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Shrestha¹,

Baskota²,

Karki

et al. 2021

J Nepal Med Assoc

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Introduction: Sexual abuse remains a hidden and underreported form of violence against children and a serious public health concern. Although it results in severe mental, physical, and psychological risks with consequences such as depression, fear, and low self-esteem, it is still an unexplored and less prioritized area in Nepal. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse among school children of a municipality. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted among 405 students, aged below 18 of Mandan-Deupur Municipality, Kavrepalanchowk from April to May 2018. Ethical clearance was taken from Nepal Health Research Council (Ref no 2506). A simple random sampling technique was used to select the schools. Collected data were then entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage. Results: In overall, 64 (15.8%) (12.4-19.7 at 95% Confidence Interval) were found to be sexually abused, where a high prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse was reported for boys 46 (73.43%). Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, child sexual abuse is seen as a significant issue in the place studied. Awareness programs on child sexual abuse should be organized targeting children along with parents and community people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Sexual Abuse among School Children of a Municipality: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Shrestha¹,

Baskota²,

Karki

et al. 2021

J Nepal Med Assoc

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“…Generally, there is a perceived notion that forceful sexual acts by intimate partner do not constitute violence in Nepal [ 53 ], and stigma may have led such incident [ 34 ]. A multicountry study conducted by the WHO reported the higher acceptance of sexual violence compared to physical violence [ 1 , 21 ]; and studies conducted in Nepal [ 54 , 55 ] stated the lower rate of sexual violence due to underreporting. Unlike our study, the positive association between sexual violence and abortion has been reported in India and Bangladesh [ 10 , 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Intimate Partner Violence and Abortion in Nepal: A Pooled Analysis of Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (2011 and 2016)

Thakuri¹,

Ghimire²,

Poudel³

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Background. Intimate partner violence (IPV) adversely affects female reproductive health in different ways. However, the relationship between IPV and abortion has not been adequately examined in Nepal. This study is aimed at examining the association between IPV and abortion in Nepal. Methods. Data for this study was derived from the Nepal Demographic Health Surveys (NDHS) of 2011 and 2016. A total of 8641 women aged 15-49 years were selected for the violence module in NDHS 2011 and 2016. The analysis was restricted to 2978 women who reported at least one pregnancy five years preceding each survey. Among them, 839 women who experienced different forms of violence were included in the analysis. Various forms of IPV were taken as exposure variables while abortion as an outcome of interest. The study employed logistic regression analysis to examine the association between IPV and abortion. Results. Nearly one in three (28.2%) women experienced any forms of IPV. A total of 22.2% women experienced physical violence. Almost one in five (19.5%) women were slapped. More than half (52.8%) of the women with no education experienced IPV. The logistic regression analyses showed a significant association between IPV and abortion. Women with severe physical violence had nearly two-fold higher odds (adjusted Odds Ratio aOR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.64) of having abortion. Similarly, women who reported physical violence were more likely to have abortion (aOR=1.54; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.19) compared to those who did not experience such violence. Conclusion. Intimate partner violence is associated with abortion in Nepal. It is imperative that effective implementation of IPV-preventive measures through the promotion of appropriate social and policy actions can help reduce abortion in Nepal.

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“…[11,12] The young adolescent population appears to be the most vulnerable group in recent studies. [13] Genital injuries in female victims of sexual assault can be classified according to a system named "TEARS" (T=Tear, E=Ecchymosis, A=Abrasion, R=Redness, S=Swelling) introduced by Slaughter et al in 1997. [14] Genito-anal injuries are detected nowadays by the following methods:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Audit of Genito-Anal Injuries in male and female sexual abuse cases - A retrospective study.

et al. 2024

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Background: Sexual assault is a global issue wherein timely examination of sexual assault victims by medico-legal officers and an understanding of the characteristics and factors influencing their injuries have a crucial impact on medico-legal evidence collection and its use in the court. Genital injury findings improve the level of justice for victims, but the lack of injury does not negate the possibility of sexual violence incurred on the victim. The following study describes in great detail the different factors associated with injury characteristics and the medico-legal importance of all these factors. Methodology: It was a retrospective descriptive study conducted at the Forensic Medicine Department of King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan. All the cases included that fulfill the predefined inclusion criteria were included. A record chart was designed, and six years’ data was recorded in it from the medical records of the medico-legal clinic. It was entered and edited manually. Methods used to prevent data entry errors included double entry and validation following data entry Difference of proportions between variables, where appropriate, has been calculated by Pearson Chi-Square test and Fischer Exact test at 95% confidence interval. Data were analyzed using SPSS v23. All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were following the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and the Helsinki declaration. Results: Genito anal injury was present in 28.2% cases and was absent in 71.8% cases. Most of the victims were aged 11 to 15 years. The most common injury in the victims was a tear. In females, the most common injury site was the vagina, while the perianal area was the most injured site in males. There was a significant relation (p<0.05) between type and site of injury, gender, site of injury, and prior sexual intercourse experience and prevalence rate of injury. Conclusion: This study concludes that the presence of injuries in the Genito anal area is suggestive of sexual assault and provides useful court evidence.

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An Overview of Sexual Assault Cases in Nepal

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Child Sexual Abuse among School Children of a Municipality: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Child Sexual Abuse among School Children of a Municipality: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Association between Intimate Partner Violence and Abortion in Nepal: A Pooled Analysis of Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (2011 and 2016)

Audit of Genito-Anal Injuries in male and female sexual abuse cases - A retrospective study.

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