An overview of the higher level classification of Pucciniomycotina based on combined analyses of nuclear large and small subunit rDNA sequences

Abstract

In this study we provide a phylogenetically based introduction to the classes and orders of Pucciniomycotina (5Urediniomycetes), one of three subphyla of Basidiomycota. More than 8000 species of Pucciniomycotina have been described including putative saprotrophs and parasites of plants, animals and fungi. The overwhelming majority of these (,90%) belong to a single order of obligate plant pathogens, the Pucciniales (5Uredinales), or rust fungi. We have assembled a dataset of previously published and newly generated sequence data from two nuclear rDNA genes (large subunit and small subunit) including exemplars from all known major groups in order to test hypotheses about evolutionary relationships among the Pucciniomycotina. The utility of combining nuc-lsu sequences spanning the entire D1-D3 region with complete nuc-ssu sequences for resolution and support of nodes is discussed. Our study confirms Pucciniomycotina as a monophyletic group of Basidiomycota. In total our results support eight major clades ranked as classes (Agaricostilbomycetes, Atractiellomycetes, Classiculomycetes, Cryptomycocolacomycetes, Cystobasidiomycetes, Microbotryomycetes, Mixiomycetes and Pucciniomycetes) and 18 orders.

How do Agaricomycetes shape their fruiting bodies? 1. Morphological aspects of development

“…Holobasidia in contrast occur also in nature in lines of the Ustilagomycotina and in taxa of the Pucciniomycotina Begerow et al, 2006;Oberwinkler, 2012) and appear to be of polyphyletic secondary origins (Zmitrovich and Wasser, 2012). Furthermore, simple stipitate-capitate and resupinate basidiocarps of minute size have also been described in distinct families of the Pucciniomycotina (Oberwinkler and Bandoni, 1982;Aime et al, 2006;Oberwinkler, 2012). Larger multicellular basidiocarps are known within the Pucciniomycotina from species of the genus Septobasidium (Reid and Manimohan, 1985;Henk and Vilgalys, 2007;Kumar et al, 2007).…”

The evolution of species concepts and species recognition criteria in plant pathogenic fungi

“…Consequently these groups have been relatively stable, and easily classified and identified using morphology and host associations for over 200 years. The recent application of molecular phylogenetic analyses to the rust and smut fungi has mostly supported previous classifications at the level of genus (Maier et al 2003;Bauer et al 2006;Aime et al 2006;Begerow et al 2006). In contrast, higher taxonomic ranks have been shuffled in part.…”

Identity of the plasmodial slime mold Phytoceratiomyxa osmundae and the lectotypification of Taphrina osmundae, the basionym of Mixia osmundae

“…In conclusion, the genus Phytoceratiomyxa Sawada (1929) is a member of the Mixiomycetes in the subphylum Pucciniomycotina (Bauer et al 2006;Aime et al 2007;Hibbett et al 2007), and is not a member of the Myxomycetes. Phytoceratiomyxa osmundae Sawada (1929) is congeneric and conspecifi c with Mixia osmundae (Nishida) C.L.…”