An Overview of the Implication of Climate Change on Fish Farming in Egypt

Abstract

Aquaculture is an important component of the human diet, providing high-quality aquatic food for global or local consumption. Egypt is one of the countries most vulnerable to the potential impacts of climate change (CC), especially in the aquaculture sector. CC is one of the biggest challenges of our time and has negatively affected different water bodies. CC leads to the combination of changes in water availability, a decrease in water quality, the movement of salt water upstream due to rising sea levels, and the salinization of groundwater supplies will threaten inland freshwater aquaculture. Similarly, higher temperatures resulting from CC lead to reduce dissolved oxygen levels, increased fish metabolic rates, increased risk of disease spread, increased fish mortality, and consequently decreased fish production. CC may also indirectly affect aquaculture activities; for example, large areas of lowland aquaculture ponds can be highly vulnerable to flooding from rising sea levels. Thus, the current overview will briefly discuss the state of the aquaculture sector in Egypt, the meaning of CC, its causes, and its effects on the different elements of the aquaculture sector, and finally, we will review the appropriate ways to mitigate the adverse effects of CC on fish farming, especially in Egypt.

Farmers and Consumers Awareness and Acceptance of the Novel Practice of Utilizing Insect Protein as an Alternative Protein Source in Poultry Feed: A Survey

“…Fish meal utilization was admitted by only 48.8% of the farmers. Over the years, more and more farmers have managed to switch from the use of fish meal to the use of protein concentrates owing to a multiplicity of factors, including but not limited to; ease of use of the protein concentrates with grains and soya bean meal, simply by knowing the protein percentage concentration of the concentrate [22], the ever-increasing cost of fish meal, coupled with periodic shortages on the feed market, compelling farmers to switch brands, often than not negatively affect production and productivity [23], proliferation and availability of varied brands of protein concentrates on the market [24] and challenges associated with the use of some fish meal, which relates to the traceability of the taste and smell of fish in the poultry product (meat and eggs) [23]. These and many other similar reasons have contributed to the steady but drastic decline in the use of fish meals for poultry feed by many commercial farmers.…”

Climate Change Impacts on Aquaculture Systems in Key Producing Nations: Assessing Vulnerability and Proposing a Novel Adaptation Measure

“…This indicator helps identify countries that might be more vulnerable due to their own emissions or the emissions they are exposed to. Exposure variables consider temperature and precipitation because temperature and precipitation are critical climate variables that directly affect aquaculture productivity [18,19]. Rising temperatures can lead to the loss of suitable habitats for fish, reduced oxygen levels, increased disease prevalence, and altered reproductive cycles.…”

Ameliorative effect of BIO-MOS® as a dietary supplementation on growth performance, physiological response, oxidative status, and immunity linked gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila

“…The majority of fish produced in Egypt is produced through aquaculture ( Adeleke et al , 2021 ). It accounts for 77% of the entire production of fish, with pond-based aquaculture in the Nile Delta lakes providing 85% of this supply ( Mehrim and Refaey, 2023 ). According to Al-Wakeel et al (2019 ), Egypt produces roughly 73.8% of fish raised in Africa and ranks tenth globally in terms of overall cultured fish production with about a million tons produced annually ( FAO, 2022 ).…”