An Overview of the Synthetic Route to the Marketed Formulations of Pyrimidine: A Review

Abstract

: Pyrimidine and its derivatives are a very important class of heterocyclic compounds that show interesting applications in the field of medicinal chemistry. Pyrimidine not only plays an important role as an organic reaction intermediate but also has a wide range of interesting biological activities viz. antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antiprotozoal activity, etc. Numerous methods are available for the formation of pyrimidine derivatives have been reported in the literature. The advantage of pyrimidine as a starting material for different therapeutically potent derivatives has given momentum to this research. This review aims to report the new work on the synthesis of marketed drugs which consist of pyrimidine moiety.

Recent Advances in Design and Development of Diazole and Diazine Based Fungicides (2014–2023)

“…Four types of bicyclic variants in which the benzene ring is linked to the diazine include cinnoline (benzo­[ c ]­pyridazine), phthalazine (benzo­[ d ]­pyridazine), quinazoline (benzo­[ d ]­pyrimidine), and quinoxaline (benzo­[ e ]­pyrazine). Diazine derivatives are known for their many pharmacological effects such as platelet aggregation inhibitors, antidepressants, antihypertensives, antigastric, antiulcers, anticonvulsants, cardiac drugs, antibacterial, diuretics, anti-HIV, antiviral, antifungal, antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer’s disease, and anticancer properties (Figure b). − …”

Metal carbonyl mediated rearrangement of 5-(2-oxoalkyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazoles: synthesis of fully substituted pyrimidines

“…Compounds containing a pyrimidine core have wide pharmaceutical applications as antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, sedative, hypnotic, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, antithyroid and anti-Alzheimer's disease agents. [1][2][3][4][5][6] In particular, derivatives of pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid show various biological activities. For example, substituted 2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxamide is a highly potent and orally bioavailable Axl inhibitor, 7 2-(oxo/thio)-3,4-dihydro-1H-pyrimidine-5-carboxylates display antioxidant activity, 8 the 5-carbamoyl-2-phenylpyrimidine derivative has been identified as a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor, 9 and 6-oxo/imino-1,6dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acids show remarkable in vitro xanthine oxidase inhibitory potency.…”

Multivariate Modular Metabolic Engineering for High Titer Uridine Triphosphate Production in Escherichia coli

“…Pyrimidines and derivatives, including uracil, uridine, cytosine, and thymine, can serve as the fundamental components of various natural compounds, such as vitamins, liposaccharides, and antibiotics. 1,2 In addition, they can be widely used in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical medicinal field due to their molecule structural and function variety. 3 Uridine triphosphate (UTP), an important member of pyrimidine derivatives, not only participates in nucleic acid and glycogen synthesis but also plays crucial roles in immune regulation, myocardial repair, and intestinal development promotion in living bodies.…”

“…Pyrimidines and derivatives, including uracil, uridine, cytosine, and thymine, can serve as the fundamental components of various natural compounds, such as vitamins, liposaccharides, and antibiotics. , In addition, they can be widely used in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical medicinal field due to their molecule structural and function variety . Uridine triphosphate (UTP), an important member of pyrimidine derivatives, not only participates in nucleic acid and glycogen synthesis but also plays crucial roles in immune regulation, myocardial repair, and intestinal development promotion in living bodies. , It has also been reported that UTP can act as a signaling molecule and the donor of energy transfer to regulate metabolic processes. , In addition, UTP has been used in clinical practice to inhibit platelet aggregation, treat myocardial infarction, and improve the anti-injury ability of nerve cells.…”