An overview on PET waste recycling for application in packaging

Malik, Neetu; Kumar, Piyush; Shrivastava, Sharad; Ghosh, Subrata Bandhu

doi:10.1007/s12588-016-9164-1

Cited by 104 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Solvolysis is an umbrella term and includes many depolymerisation and partial depolymerisation techniques. A variety of solvents and heat is used to depolymerise a polymer into its monomers or to fractionally depolymerise the polymer into its oligomers or other chemicals [39]. Common solvolysis methods are hydrolysis, alcoholysis, glycolysis, aminolysis and ammonolysis.…”

Section: Solvolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the absence of a catalyst the reaction is slow unless there is very high temperature and pressure [145]. Glycolysis can be carried out using a variety of glycols such as EG, diethylene glycol (DEG), propylene glycol (PG) and dipropylene glycol, however most attention in literature has been devoted to glycolysis by EG [39]. Several catalysts can be used for glycolysis, industry often used a metal acetate and Zinc acetate is considered the best among them (Table 11).…”

Section: Glycolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recycling of Bioplastics: Routes and Benefits

2020

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Continual reduction of landfill space along with rising CO 2 levels and environmental pollution, are global issues that will only grow with time if not correctly addressed. The lack of proper waste management infrastructure means gloablly commodity plastics are disposed of incorrectly, leading to both an economical loss and environmental destruction. The bioaccumulation of plastics and microplastics can already be seen in marine ecosystems causing a negative impact on all organisms that live there, ultimately microplastics will bioaccumulate in humans. The opportunity exists to replace the majority of petroleum derived plastics with bioplastics (bio-based, biodegradable or both). This, in conjunction with mechanical and chemical recycling is a renewable and sustainable solution that would help mitigate climate change. This review covers the most promising biopolymers PLA, PGA, PHA and bio-versions of conventional petro-plastics bio-PET, bio-PE. The most optimal recycling routes after reuse and mechanical recycling are: alcoholysis, biodegradation, biological recycling, glycolysis and pyrolysis respectively.

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Section: Solvolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glycolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Bioplastics: Routes and Benefits

2020

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“…Generally, as nucleophilic agents, compounds with labile hydrogen atoms are used, such as water, alcohols, diols (glycols), ammonia and primary or secondary ali-phatic amines [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. In most cases, those processes are directed at the complete degradation of the polymer chain and the transformation of polyester waste into monomers such as [bis(2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate) (BHET), dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG)], as well as some other low molecular weight organic compounds that can be used as plasticizers.…”

Section: Destructive Methods Of Chemical Recycling Of Polyestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical recycling of polyesters

et al. 2019

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In the presented paper, two basic strategies that can be used in the processes of chemical recycling of polyester material were described. The first of them involves increasing the molar mass of recycled materials in the solid-state polycondensation (SSP) process and/or joining their chains with various types of substances easily reacting with the end groups of polyesters (so-called extending agents). The essence of the second strategy is the degradation of the material under the influence of various protogenic agents (such as water, alcohols, glycols and amines) to obtain low-molecular products or oligomers that can be used as raw materials in the synthesis of many classes of polymers. The methods that are already used in PET [poly(ethylene terephthalate)] recycling and the possibility of their extension to other types of polyesters are both shown.

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“…Some of the most prevalent mechanical and chemical/thermal material recycling technologies used in industries include: pyrolysis, gasification, and chemolysis. But these technologies are associated with limitations in terms of energy requirements, recycling rates, gas emissions, and high cost (Malik, Kumar, Shrivastava, & Ghosh, 2017; Ragaert, Delva, & Van Geem, 2017). This has resulted in need for developing recycling techniques that could address these issues, while ensuring high recovery, improved recycling rate, and reduced impact on the environment.…”

Section: Recycling Of Multilayer Packagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilayer packaging: Advances in preparation techniques and emerging food applications

Anukiruthika

Sethupathy

Wilson

et al. 2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

183

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In recent years, with advantages of versatility, functionality, and convenience, multilayer food packaging has gained significant interest. As a single entity, multilayer packaging combines the benefits of each monolayer in terms of enhanced barrier properties, mechanical integrity, and functional properties. Of late, apart from conventional approaches such as coextrusion and lamination, concepts of nanotechnology have been used in the preparation of composite multilayer films with improved physical, chemical, and functional characteristics. Further, emerging techniques such as ultraviolet and cold plasma treatments have been used in manufacturing films with enhanced performance through surface modifications. This work provides an up-to-date review on advancements in the preparation of multilayer films for food packaging applications. This includes critical considerations in design, risk of interaction between the package and the food, mathematical modeling and simulation, potential for scale-up, and costs involved. The impact of in-package processing is also explained considering cases of nonthermal processing and advanced thermal processing. Importantly, challenges associated with degradability and recycling multilayer packages and associated implications on sustainability have been discussed. K E Y W O R D Sbiodegradability, improved film characteristics, multilayer packaging, nanotechnology, sustainability, recycling

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An overview on PET waste recycling for application in packaging

Cited by 104 publications

References 133 publications

Recycling of Bioplastics: Routes and Benefits

Recycling of Bioplastics: Routes and Benefits

Chemical recycling of polyesters

Multilayer packaging: Advances in preparation techniques and emerging food applications

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