An Overview on Rhodiola rosea in Cardiovascular Health, Mood Alleviation, and Energy Metabolism

Duncan, Michael; Clarke, Neil D.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-805413-0.00011-9

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…These include anti-aging [ 5 ], anti-inflammatory [ 6 ], anti-stress [ 7 ], anti-depression [ 8 ], antioxidant [ 9 , 10 ], anti-fatigue [ 11 ], anti-viral [ 12 ], and anti-osteoporosis [ 13 ] properties, as well as effects that promote increased immunity [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. The ergogenic properties of golden root extracts include the improvement of mental and physical conditions, memory, mood, energy metabolism, and cognitive function [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Further studies reported a possible role for R. rosea extracts in the treatment of cardiovascular [ 23 ] and neurodegenerative diseases [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ], type 2 diabetes [ 29 , 30 ], obesity [ 31 ], and cancer [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity Profiles on 15 Different Effect Mechanisms for 15 Golden Root Products via High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography, Planar Assays, and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

2023

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Planar chromatography has recently been combined with six different effect-directed assays for three golden root (Rhodiola rosea L.) samples. However, the profiles obtained showed an intense tailing, making zone differentiation impossible. The profiling was therefore improved to allow for the detection of individual bioactive compounds, and the range of samples was extended to 15 commercial golden root products. Further effect-directed assays were studied providing information on 15 different effect mechanisms, i.e., (1) tyrosinase, (2) acetylcholinesterase, (3) butyrylcholinesterase, (4) β-glucuronidase, and (5) α-amylase inhibition, as well as endocrine activity via the triplex planar yeast antagonist-verified (6–8) estrogen or (9–11) androgen screen, (12) genotoxicity via the planar SOS-Umu-C bioassay, antimicrobial activity against (13) Gram-negative Aliivibrio fischeri and (14) Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis bacteria, and (15) antioxidative activity (DPPH• radical scavengers). Most of the golden root profiles obtained were characteristic, but some samples differed substantially. The United States Pharmacopeia reference product showed medium activity in most of the assays. The six most active compound zones were further characterized using high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the mass signals obtained were tentatively assigned to molecular formulae. In addition to confirming the known activities, this study is the first to report that golden root constituents inhibit butyrylcholinesterase (rosin was tentatively assigned), β-glucuronidase (rosavin, rosarin, rosiridin, viridoside, and salidroside were tentatively assigned), and α-amylase (stearic acid and palmitic acid were tentatively assigned) and that they are genotoxic (hydroquinone was tentatively assigned) and are both agonistic and antagonistic endocrine active.

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