An S Receptor Kinase Gene in Self-Compatible Brassica napus Has a 1-bp Deletion

Goring, Daphne R.; Glavin, Tracy L.; Schäfer, Ulrike; Rothstein, Steven J.

doi:10.2307/3869708

Cited by 31 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…For example, SRK was shown to be mutated in two Brassica lines that exhibited a self-compatible phenotype (12,13). Moreover, Stahl and coworkers (14) recently have shown that the SI phenotype was altered in transgenic Brassica napus plants expressing a kinase-defective SRK that seems to act as a dominant negative mutant.…”

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confidence: 99%

The integral membrane S-locus receptor kinase of Brassica has serine/threonine kinase activity in a membranous environment and spontaneously forms oligomers in planta

Giranton¹

2000

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

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To gain further insight into the mode of action of S-locus receptor kinase (SRK), a receptor-like kinase involved in the self-incompatibility response in Brassica, different recombinant SRK proteins have been expressed in a membranous environment using the insect cell͞baculovirus system. Recombinant SRK proteins exhibited properties close to those of the endogenous stigmatic SRK protein and were found to autophosphorylate on serine and threonine residues in insect cell microsomes. Autophosphorylation was constitutive because it did not require the presence of pollen or stigma extracts in the phosphorylation buffer. Phosphorylation was shown to occur in trans, suggesting the existence of constitutive homooligomers of membrane-anchored recombinant SRK. To investigate the physiological relevance of these results, we have examined the oligomeric status of SRK in planta in cross-linking experiments and by velocity sedimentation on sucrose gradients. Our data strongly suggest that SRK is associated both with other SRK molecules and other stigma proteins in nonpollinated flowers. These findings may have important implications for our understanding of self-pollen signaling. baculovirus ͉ oligomerization ͉ sporophytic self-incompatibility I n the Brassica family, the cell-cell interaction that leads to the rejection of self-pollen at the stigmatic surface [the selfincompatibility (SI) reaction] is controlled genetically by the multiallelic S-locus (1). When the pollen parent and the stigma share common S haplotypes, pollen germination or pollen tube growth is inhibited, thereby preventing self-fertilization. Several genes have been localized at the S locus but only two, the S-locus glycoprotein (SLG) and the S-locus receptor kinase (SRK) genes, exhibit the polymorphic nature expected for genes involved in the SI response (2, 3). SLG encodes a secreted glycoprotein that accumulates in the cell wall of papillae (4), whereas SRK encodes a plasmalemma-anchored glycoprotein (5, 6). SRK is structurally analogous to animal receptor kinases and belongs to the plant receptor-like kinase (RLK) family (7). Although its membrane topology has not been experimentally defined, DNA sequence analysis predicts that SRK consists of three domains: an extracellular glycosylated N-terminal domain (the S-domain) that shares extensive homology with SLG, a membrane-spanning domain, and a cytoplasmic domain (3). The cytoplasmic domain has been shown to have serine͞threonine kinase activity when expressed in bacteria (8). In the S 3 haplotype, SRK has been shown to encode, in addition to the integral membrane SRK protein, a soluble truncated form corresponding to the S-domain of SRK, the eSRK protein (9).Although there is some controversy as to whether SLG is required for the SI response (10, 11), there is strong evidence that SRK is necessary. For example, SRK was shown to be mutated in two Brassica lines that exhibited a self-compatible phenotype (12, 13). Moreover, Stahl and coworkers (14) recently have shown that the SI phenotype was altered i...

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confidence: 99%

The integral membrane S-locus receptor kinase of Brassica has serine/threonine kinase activity in a membranous environment and spontaneously forms oligomers in planta

Giranton¹

2000

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

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“…Study of the breakdown of SI can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms controlling functional SI systems, as has been described for self-compatible Brassica napus (Goring et al, 1993;Robert et al, 1994;Yu et al, 1996;Ciu et al, 1999), and may provide clues to how SI evolved in these groups. Study of dominance interactions among alleles in tetraploids with functional SI systems has the added benefit of combining multiple allelic classes in the same individual to test hypotheses about intransitiveness (ie nonlinearity) of allelic interactions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Inheritance and dominance of self-incompatibility alleles in polyploid Arabidopsis lyrata

2004

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Natural populations of diploid Arabidopsis lyrata exhibit the sporophytic type of self-incompatibility system characteristic of Brassicaceae, in which complicated dominance interactions among alleles in the diploid parent determine selfrecognition phenotypes of both pollen and stigma. The purpose of this study was to investigate how polyploidy affects this already complex system. One tetraploid population (Arabidopsis lyrata ssp kawasakiana from Japan) showed complete self-compatibility and produced viable selfed progeny for at least three generations subsequent to field collection. In contrast, individuals from a second tetraploid population (A. lyrata ssp petraea from Austria) were strongly self-incompatible (SI). Segregation of SI genotypes in this population followed Mendelian patterns based on a tetrasomic model of inheritance, with two to four alleles per individual, independent segregation of alleles, and little evidence of dosage effects of alleles found in multiple copies. Similar to results from diploids, anomalous compatibility patterns involving particular combinations of individuals occurred at a low frequency in the tetraploids, suggesting altered dominance in certain genetic backgrounds that could be due to the influence of a modifier locus. Overall, dominance relationships among S-alleles in self-incompatible tetraploid families were remarkably similar to those in related diploids, suggesting that this very important and complicated locus has not undergone extensive modification subsequent to polyploidization.

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“…1994a; Goring et al, 1993). SLG encodes an abundant glycoprotein that accumulates in the cell wall of papillar cells (Nasrallah et al, 1985b;Kandasamy et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SRK, the stigma-specific S locus receptor kinase of Brassica, is targeted to the plasma membrane in transgenic tobacco.

et al. 1996

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The S locus receptor kinase (SRK) gene is one of two S locus genes required for the self-incompatibility response in Brassica. We have identified the product of the SRKs gene in 6. oleracea stigmas and have shown that it has characteristics of an integral membrane protein. When expressed in transgenic tobacco, SRK6 is glycosylated and targeted to the plasma membrane. These results provide definitive biochemical evidence for the existence in plants of a plasma membrane-localized transmembrane protein kinase with a known cell-cell recognition function. The timing of SRK expression in stigmas follows a time course similar to that previously described for another S locus-linked gene, the S locus glycoprotein (SLG) gene, and correlates with the ability of stigmas to mount a self-incompatibility response. Based on SRK6 promoter studies, the site of gene expression overlaps with that of SLG and exhibits predominant expression in the stigmatic papillar cells. Although reporter gene studies indicated that the SRK promoter was active in pollen, SRK protein was not detected in pollen, suggesting that SRK functions as a cell surface receptor exclusively in the papillar cells of the stigma.

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An S Receptor Kinase Gene in Self-Compatible Brassica napus Has a 1-bp Deletion

Cited by 31 publications

References 5 publications

The integral membrane S-locus receptor kinase of Brassica has serine/threonine kinase activity in a membranous environment and spontaneously forms oligomers in planta

The integral membrane S-locus receptor kinase of Brassica has serine/threonine kinase activity in a membranous environment and spontaneously forms oligomers in planta

Inheritance and dominance of self-incompatibility alleles in polyploid Arabidopsis lyrata

SRK, the stigma-specific S locus receptor kinase of Brassica, is targeted to the plasma membrane in transgenic tobacco.

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