An Ultrasonic Motor Using a Metal-Ceramic Composite Actuator Generating Torsional Displacement

Abstract

The N = 88 nucleus "'Eu has been studied by Coulomb excitation with 1 6 0 beams, and from the decay of '"Gd using high-resolution y ray spectroscopy. A comprehen'sive level scheme including many new transitions, new levels and spin assignments is established. The results are compared with previous studies and with the predictions of a rotational-model calculation.NUCLEAR REACTIONS 151Eu('60, 160'y), E = 2 5 4 2 MeV: measured E.,; I,.i"/ coin, py coin, o(E;, OJ, DSA. ' 5 1 E~( r , T'), E = 10 MeV; measured c ( E J ; deduced levels, J , B ( E i ) , Tl,2, branching ratios, 6. Enriched targets, Ge(Li) detectors. RADIOACTIVITY '"Gd (from 15'Eu(p. n)); measured E.,, I ; , y y coin. Ge(Li) detectors. the 4ground state of '"Gd. Despite this selectivity many of the transitions known from p decay, and not previously seen in Coulomb excitation, have been observed in the present study, allowing an energy level scheme consistent with both decay processes to be deduced.Particle reaction studies of '"Eu have been reported by Straume er a1 (1976), Burke er al (1973), Taketani er a1 (1975) and Bernstein et a1 (1970). Experimental procedure Coulomb excitation of '"EuTargets of '"Eu metal (enriched to 97% in I5'Eu) were bombarded with beams of l60 ions from the ANU EN tandem accelerator at energies between 25 and 42 MeV. All of the coincidence measurements were made at 42 MeV. In addition, singles measurements were made with a beam of 4MeV protons. The targets were usually 15 to 20 mg cm-' foils on Pb backings. .le Singles y ray measurements.The energies and intensities of y rays were studied with a 60 cm3 coaxial Ge(Li) detector, a 10 cm3 planar Ge(Li) detector and a thin-windowed 3cm3 Ge(Li) x-ray detector. The resolution of the first two detectors was about 2.2 keV at 1333 keV, and for the x-ray detector, about 0.8 keV at 122 keV. A singles spectrum is shown in figure 1. Thick target excitation functions between 25 and 42 MeV l6O energy were measured with the coaxial detector. These agreed with previous measurements which were consistent with direct E2 excitation for most of the strong lines (Lewis and Graetzer 1971, Thun andMiller 1972). Gamma ray angular distributions were measured at 42 MeV, at seven angles between 0" and 90" to the beam direction. Most of the transitions were essentially isotropic. The energies of the transitions were determined by simultaneous measurement of a ls2Eu source and of the Coulomb excitation with l60 at 90". The ls2Eu source has accurately known y ray energies in the range 122 to 1409 keV (Aubin et al 1969). The energies of the strong '"Eu lines determined in this manner were used later to 1 2 3 L 5 6

Micro Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Motors

“…We have developed a Windmill motor design with basically a flat and wide configuration, using a metalceramic composite structure [10,11]. The motor is composed of four components: stator, rotor, ballbearing and housing unit (Fig.…”

Evaluating piezoelectric hydraulic pumps as drivers for pulsatile pediatric ventricular assist devices

“…In addition, Uchino (2008) found that for power outputs less than 30 W, piezoelectric-driven devices perform better in terms of efficiency than electromagnetic motors. Thus, researchers have demonstrated that piezoelectric actuators can theoretically be miniaturized without sacrificing power density and efficiency (Cagatay et al, 2003;Koc et al, 1998). While these motors have produced significant power outputs for their size, the mechanical translation through friction has limited power output.…”

The Design and Characteristics of Disk-Type Ultrasonic Motor Using Complex Vibration Mode

“…That is, elastic body composed of the stator has generally the projector to enlarge the displacement in case of plate-type or ring-type USM. These kinds of stators are very complex and expensive [3][4][5]. A novel linear USM is designed for applying to X-Y stage or Z stage in this paper, and it is focused on eliminating the projector of conventional linear USM.…”