“…The XRD analysis revealed that the surface is covered with a thin layer of Co(OH) 2 , which was verified by the presence of the mixed phase of Co 3 O 4 and Co(OH) 2 peaks . The observed diffraction peaks are ascribed to the (002), (220), (400), (511), and (440) planes of the Co 3 O 4 nanorods. , It is suppressing the more active (311) peak of Co 3 O 4 after 5000 cycles with the concomitant formation of a more active (100) peak for Co(OH) 2 . , In addition, the XPS analysis of the sample further supported the presence of Co(OH) 2 (Figure S15d,e, ESI ). ,, After the durability test, further deconvoluted Co 2p spectra analysis suggested the change in the electronic state, as evidenced from the change in the Co peak position (Figure S15e, ESI ). , The deconvoluted XPS spectra of Co 3 O 4 after ADT evidenced the presence of three different forms of Co ions. Furthermore, to evaluate the dissolution of Co 3 O 4 during the catalytic performance, the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis (Table S3, ESI ) of post ADT Co 3 O 4 /NEGF was performed.…”