An Updated Review on Suspension Polymerization

Abstract

An updated review on suspension polymerization is presented. The time period from 1991 to 1995 is stressed, as well as research articles or reports not considered in previous reviews. Our review is aimed at providing a sound basis for the theoretical background required to build an effective model for the particle size distribution (PSD) in suspension polymerization. All major phenomena that affect the PSD are considered, and a proposed approach to develop an accurate, yet simple, model is included. Most of the experimental information in this review is related to the styrene/divinylbenzene copolymerization system, although the ideas and models are not exclusive to this system.

A novel route for synthesis of cross-linked polystyrene copolymer beads with tunable porosity using guar and xanthan gums from bioresources as alternative synthetic suspension stabilizers

“…It is well known that the suspension stabilizer form a film or skin around the droplet/particle surface, and this layer prevents coalescence and agglomeration by a mechanism analogous to steric stabilization, which is known to protect particle against flocculation [33,46,58]. This behavior could affect the morphology, the particle size and the amount of surface area and pore volume of the microparticles.…”

“…Styrene-divinylbenzene (St-DVB) copolymers are extensively used as polymeric supports for polymer bonded catalysts and reagents [17,18]. The permeability limits according to the molecular size and the accessibility of reactive and catalytic sites depend on the porous structure and swelling properties of the copolymers [19]. It has been established that these properties are deeply influenced by the copolymer synthesis conditions: suspension stabilizers, crosslinking degree, porogenic agent or diluent nature, etc [20–26].…”

“…In suspension polymerization technique, suspending agents are used to form a film or skin around the droplet/particle surface in order to prevent coalescence and agglomeration by a mechanism analogous to steric stabilization [33]. The most commonly used suspension (droplet) stabilizers for (O/W) suspension polymerization are styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer [34–37], salts of acrylic acid polymers [38], sodium dodecyl sulfate [39], polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) [40,41], poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) [42,43].…”

Uma revisão sobre os processos de polimerização em suspensão

“…Este mecanismo pode ser controlado pela velocidade de agitação da mistura reacional, pela forma do impelidor, pela fração volumétrica da fase monomérica e pela concentração e a massa molar do estabilizador usado [41][42][43][44] . A tensão interfacial, o grau de agitação e o planejamento do sistema reator/agitação governam a dispersão das gotas de monômero, tipicamente com diâmetros na faixa de 20 à 500 m [2,45] .…”

Atom transfer radical polymerization in aqueous dispersed media

“…The general feature of each polymerization technique is illustrated in Scheme 1. Suspension polymerization has the longest history among all aqueous dispersed polymerizations [50]. In suspension polymerization the initiator is soluble in the monomer phase, which is dispersed into the dispersion medium (usually water) to form droplets.…”