An X-shaped fractal antenna with DGS for multiband applications

Abstract

In this paper, an X-shaped fractal antenna with defected ground structure (DGS) is presented for multiband and wideband applications. The X shape is used due to its simple design and DGS is utilized to achieve size reduction with multiband and wideband features in the frequency range of 1–7 GHz. The proposed structure is fabricated on FR4 substrate with 1.6 mm thickness. We have proposed two different antennas both are having X-shaped fractal patch with a slotted ground plane to have more impedance bandwidth and better return loss. Various parameters like scale factor, width of ground plane, number of slots with their dimensions and feed line length are optimized to have size reduction and for enhancing the performance of antenna. Reflection coefficient shows the multiband and wideband features of proposed antenna. One of the proposed antennas covers various applications like IEEE802.11y at 3.65 and 4.9 GHz, IEEE 802.11a at 5.4 GHz, 802.11P at 5.9 GHz. Other antenna covers applications like IEEE802.16 at 3.5 GHz; 5 cm band for amateur radio and satellite and future 5 G communication systems over 6 GHz. The antenna designing was done using CST software and simulation results were compared with experimental results (using E5071C network analyzer).

Miniaturized Concentric Hexagonal Fractal Rings Based Monopole Antenna for WLAN/WiMAX Application

“…Consequently, several studies have been conducted to design miniaturized multiband antennas which can support multiple communication applications [1][2][3]. Thus, numerous antenna size reduction techniques have been reported elsewhere; for example, introduction of defected microstrip structure (DMS) [4], using a defected ground structure (DGS) [5][6][7] and loading the patch with shorting posts [8].…”

“…The introduction of fractal geometries in the antenna design is very interesting solution to achieve compact, low profile with multi-band and broadband characteristics. This is the result of the attractive properties of fractal geometries which are self-similarity and space filling [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Multiband and broadband [8][9][10][11][12][13] behavior is the result of the self-similarity property and the size reduction is achieved with space filling property [14][15][16][17].…”

A Compact Dual-Band Planar Monopole Antenna Using Fractal Rings and A Y-Shaped Feeding Transmission Line

“…Therefore, numerous antenna size reduction techniques have been reported and investigated in the literature. These include loading the patch with a shorting post [3], introducing of defected microstrip structure (DMS) [4], using defected ground structure (DGS) [5,6], Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) feeding [7] and metamaterial structure [8]. However, the resulted structures have demonstrated a relatively large size for the requirement of nowadays wireless applications.…”

On the design of planar antenna using Fibonacci word fractal geometry in support of public safety

“…A Levy C curve‐based fractal rectenna along with slotted ground structure was reported in Reference, for RF energy harvesting. An X‐shaped fractal antenna was presented in Reference, for multiple applications including public safety, but size of antenna is quite high. A wideband microstrip fed patch antenna with DGS reported in Reference, for ultrawide band application, advantages of DGS for band notch was discussed along with surface current distribution.…”