Anal Surgical Techniques in Early Ottoman Period Performed by Şerefeddin Sabuncuoğlu

Ophthalmic techniques described by Şerefeddin Sabuncuoğlu (1385−1468 ad)

“…Sabuncuoğlu honestly discussed the problems he faced during his surgical practice and did not hesitate to criticise himself or to cite his senior masters 11 . He wrote Cerrahiyyetü’l‐Haniyye at the behest of Sultan Mehmed II the Conqueror 12 , and tried to dedicate his book to the Sultan.…”

“…He wrote Cerrahiyyetü’l‐Haniyye at the behest of Sultan Mehmed II the Conqueror 12 , and tried to dedicate his book to the Sultan. In the end, however, he was neither supported nor rewarded by the Palace 11 . This was possibly because his book was ignored by the Ottoman scientific elite for being written in Turkish rather than Arabic or Persian, the accepted scientific languages of the day.…”

Endoscopy in the 15th Century

“…He used the classification of at-Tasrif, but improved it by adding many important and major new observations and chapters, originally described by Sabuncuog AE lu himself in his surgical textbook Cerrahiyyet'ül Haniyye (Imperial Surgery) written in Turkish in 1465 [6 ± 9]. He was a humble, curious and intelligent surgeon, and also a calligrapher and a miniature artist [10,11]. The quality of these early drawings and engravings leave much to be desired and their historical value outweighs that of graphic images.…”

First illustrations of female “Neurosurgeons” in the fifteenth century by Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu

“…He worked as a physician in the Amasya Hospital for 14 years, when it was a very prestigious to hold a position as a doctor in a hospital 20 . Sabuncuoglu, a splendid and courageous surgeon, operated in different parts of the human body, developed numerous original techniques [3][4][5][8][9][10]22 . He has three scientific books and four autographs known to us.…”