1971
DOI: 10.1126/science.174.4016.1351
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Analgesia from Electrical Stimulation in the Brainstem of the Rat

Abstract: Stimulation at several mesencephalic and diencephalic sites abolished responsiveness to intense pain in rats while leaving responsiveness to other sensory modes relatively unaffected. The peripheral field of analgesia was usually restricted to one-half or to one quadrant of the body, and painful stimuli applied outside this field elicited a normal reaction. Analgesia outlasted stimulation by up to 5 minutes. Most electrode placements that produced analgesia also supported self-stimulation. One placement suppor… Show more

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Cited by 714 publications
(178 citation statements)
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“…For instance, studies suggest that stimulation of specific regions of the midbrain, PAG and surrounding areas could inhibit pain responses to noxious stimulation in both animal studies [27,35] and patients suffering from pain disorders [1,10]. It has been hypothesized that acupuncture may somehow trigger this descending inhibition system to produce an analgesic effect.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For instance, studies suggest that stimulation of specific regions of the midbrain, PAG and surrounding areas could inhibit pain responses to noxious stimulation in both animal studies [27,35] and patients suffering from pain disorders [1,10]. It has been hypothesized that acupuncture may somehow trigger this descending inhibition system to produce an analgesic effect.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Reynolds and others were able to perform major surgery in awake rodents using analgesia induced by PAG stimulation alone [13,14]. Pain relief by PAG DBS was first reported in patients by Richardson and Akil, and then Hosobuchi [15][16][17][18].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is well established that electrical stimulation of portions of the medial brainstem can inhibit both vocalization to nociceptive stimuli and spinally mediated nociceptive reflexes (Reynolds 1969;Mayer et al 1971;Oliveras et al 1974;Akil and Liebeskind 1975;Basbaum et al 1977;Basbaum and Fields 1979). The inhibitory signal, is believed to originate in the periaqueductal gray, travel to the rostroventral medulla, including the nucleus raphe magnus (NRM), and then to the spinal cord through serotonergic fibers that descend through the DLF to suppress firing of neurons within the dorsal horns (Mayer et al 1971;Oliveras et al 1974;Fields 1979, 1984). This antinociceptive system can be engaged by aversive environmental stimuli, such as shock and restraint (Madden et al 1977;Terman et al 1984;Tricklebank and Curzon 1984).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%