Análise sobre a interferência antrópica na origem dos campos do Núcleo Curucutu, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, São Paulo

Abstract

Com o objetivo de investigar a importância da interferência antrópica na origem dos campos situados junto da crista da Serra do Mar, no município de São Paulo, realizou-se levantamento em diversas fontes de dados históricos que abrangessem a região, especialmente sob o aspecto de atividades econômicas, expansão urbana e vias de comunicação, como possíveis fatores de impacto sobre a vegetação. Verificou-se que a atividade de carvoarias, em meados do século XX, constituiu-se no principal fator de degradação local. Essa atividade, contudo, não é suficiente para explicar a ocorrência de campos no local, embora, possivelmente, tenha retardado a substituição natural dos campos por matas. Discute-se a importância da flora do Núcleo Curucutu para medidas de resgate histórico da flora do município de São Paulo.

The southern Brazilian tropical forest during the penultimate Pleistocene glaciation and its termination

“…Two taxa associated with cold and dry climate conditions, Ephedra and Acaena , are no longer observed in the vegetation today (Garcia & Pirani, 2005; Camejo et al, 2022). Two rare taxa are observed today as single isolated trees: Araucaria grows inside the basin and is linked to low temperatures and high moisture levels, and Podocarpus with P. sellowii found in the high‐elevation grassland of the state park ‘Serra do Mar’ near Colônia (Garcia & Pirani, 2005).…”

“…Two taxa associated with cold and dry climate conditions, Ephedra and Acaena , are no longer observed in the vegetation today (Garcia & Pirani, 2005; Camejo et al, 2022). Two rare taxa are observed today as single isolated trees: Araucaria grows inside the basin and is linked to low temperatures and high moisture levels, and Podocarpus with P. sellowii found in the high‐elevation grassland of the state park ‘Serra do Mar’ near Colônia (Garcia & Pirani, 2005). Two species of Podocarpus , P. sellowii and P. lambertii Klotzsch ex Endl., are observed today in southern Brazil associated with Araucaria , either in high‐elevation grassland ( P. sellowii ) or in the shade provided by the Araucaria forest ( P. lambertii ).…”

“…This landscape is similar to the open landscape observed today above the upper forest limit with sparse Podocarpus sellowii in gallery forests, Araucaria angustigolia (Bertol.) Kuntze, and P. lambertii (Garcia & Pirani, 2005; Jeske‐Pieruschka et al, 2010; Gonçalves et al, 2016), either in southern Brazil or restricted to high‐elevation tropical grasslands, also called paramo‐like grassland (Safford, 2001). The relatively low and continuous fire activity observed during this interval suggests remote seasonal burning (Leys et al, 2013) in agreement with the adaptation to burning of the plants that currently grow in the high‐elevation grassland (Safford, 2001).…”

“…Today, a few Podocarpus sellowii Klotzsch ex Endl. trees grow at the state park ‘Serra do Mar’ near Colônia, in open vegetation at ~850 m asl, which is a low elevation compared to that of other Brazilian altitudinal grasslands (Garcia & Pirani, 2003, 2005; Scheer & Mocochinski, 2016).…”

Are oral deformities in tadpoles accurate indicators of anuran chytridiomycosis?

“…External morphology and tooth rows formulae were used to identify the species of tadpoles. Tadpoles were collected by dip netting during February (2016) in Núcleo Curucutu (23 o 59’ 08.52”S, 46 o 44’ 35.76” W), Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar (São Paulo State, Brazil), an understudied old growth area of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil [ 36 ].…”