Análisis de la diversidad genética de 21 aislamientos del hongo Moniliophthora roreri basado en marcadores RAPD

Gutarra, Boris; Silva, Maria João; Márquez, Kadir; León, Betsabé

doi:10.18259/acs.2013013

Apunt. cienc. soc.

2013

DOI: 10.18259/acs.2013013

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Análisis de la diversidad genética de 21 aislamientos del hongo Moniliophthora roreri basado en marcadores RAPD

Boris Gutarra¹,

Maria João Silva²,

Kadir Márquez³

et al.

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Cited by 3 publications

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Diversity in the invasive cacao pathogen Moniliophthora roreri is shaped by agriculture

Díaz-Valderrama

Zambrano²,

Cedeño‐Amador³

et al. 2022

Plant Pathology

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Frosty pod rot disease of cacao (FPR), caused by the fungus Moniliophthora roreri, has severely impacted the production of cocoa in Latin America since its discovery. Prior to the 1950s, FPR was known only from Colombia and Ecuador. However, beginning in the 1970s, its geographical range has dramatically expanded throughout most of the cacao‐producing regions of the Americas. The origin of the pathogen remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the genetic diversity of M. roreri from areas spanning, as much as possible, its current geographical range using simple‐sequence repeat markers and a publicly available single‐nucleotide polymorphism data set. Two hotspots of genetic diversity were found: coastal Ecuador and the inter‐Andean Magdalena Valley of Colombia, neither of which correspond to the Amazonian origin of the host. However, both areas were early centres of intense cultivation of cacao. Our results indicate that M. roreri was introduced into both areas from its centre of origin, where intensive cacao cultivation probably led to the increase of inoculum and further dissemination of the disease. Current invasions can be traced to two genotypes responsible for all known instances of the pathogen in Central America, the Caribbean, Peru and Bolivia. We also report for the first time M. roreri in Maynas (Peruvian Amazon), which is probably the result of a recent introduction from Colombia.

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Diversity in the invasive cacao pathogen Moniliophthora roreri is shaped by agriculture

Díaz-Valderrama

Zambrano²,

Cedeño‐Amador³

et al. 2022

Plant Pathology

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Identificación molecular de aislamientos de Moniliophthora roreri en huertos de cacao de Norte de Santander, Colombia

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2015

Acta agron.

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El hongo fitopatógeno Moniliophthora roreri produce la moniliasis, una enfermedad que destruye la ma-zorca de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) y, por tanto, reduce la producción del cultivo y los ingresos de los agricultores. En el departamento de Norte de Santander, Colombia, las pérdidas por esta enfermedad pueden alcanzar hasta 60% de la producción. El conocimiento sobre la biología del hongo es escaso y actualmente se están realizando estudios de identificación macroscópica, microscópica, y comportamiento in vitro frente a antagonistas como: Trichoderma asperellum, T. longibrachiatum, Paecilomyces sp. y Baci-llus brevis. En ocho municipios y corregimientos del departamento (El Zulia, Cúcuta, Tibú, Sardinata, Bucarasica, Teorama, Agua clara y El Tarra) se obtuvieron 56 aislamientos de M. roreri con fines de ex-tracción de ADN y análisis de PCR. El método de aislamiento se realizó a partir de mazorcas infectadas por M. roreri, las cuales fueron lavadas con agua destilada, fraccionadas en trozos de 2 x 2 cm y desinfes-tadas con hipoclorito de sodio (2.5%), y alcohol (60%), antes de la siembra en cajas de Petri con medio PDA e incubación por 10 días a 28 °C. Las regiones ribosomales, ITS, (espaciadores internos de transcri-tos) correspondientes al ADNr 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 y 25S fueron amplificadas y secuenciadas. Amplico-nes de 600 pb (8 aislamientos), 740 pb (12 aislamientos) y de 750 pb, para los 36 aislamientos restantes. Los tamaños de los amplicones correspondieron a los esperados para la especie M. roreri y los análisis de BLAST confirmaron este nivel de caracterización.

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Current Status of Cocoa Frosty Pod Rot Caused by Moniliophthora roreri and a Phylogenetic Analysis

Ore¹,

Romero-Cor²,

Lopez-Pere³

et al. 2017

Plant Pathology J.

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Análisis de la diversidad genética de 21 aislamientos del hongo Moniliophthora roreri basado en marcadores RAPD

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Diversity in the invasive cacao pathogen Moniliophthora roreri is shaped by agriculture

Diversity in the invasive cacao pathogen Moniliophthora roreri is shaped by agriculture

Identificación molecular de aislamientos de Moniliophthora roreri en huertos de cacao de Norte de Santander, Colombia

Current Status of Cocoa Frosty Pod Rot Caused by Moniliophthora roreri and a Phylogenetic Analysis

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