Análisis del estado de la declaración de obras huérfanas en Europa

Abstract

Resumen. La Directiva europea 2012/28/UE sobre usos autorizados de obras huérfanas promueve la adopción por parte de los Estados miembros de las medidas necesarias para asegurar que la información sobre obras huérfanas se registre en una base de datos única para todos los estados de la Unión Europea. En octubre de 2014, la Oficina de Propiedad Intelectual de la Unión Europea (EUIPO) puso en marcha esta base de datos con el objetivo de recopilar toda la información relevante sobre obras huérfanas que poseen las instituciones culturales europeas, proporcionando un punto de acceso único en línea, armonizado y transparente para la declaración de obras huérfanas. En dicho contexto, se presenta un análisis y valoración del estado actual de declaración de obras huérfanas en Europa, tomando como origen de los datos la explotación de los registros públicos de la Base de datos europea de Obras Huérfanas. Palabras clave: Obras huérfanas; Base de datos europea de obras huérfanas; Declaración de obras huérfanas; Propiedad intelectual; Patrimonio cultural.[en] Analysis of the status of the declaration of orphan works in Europe Abstract. The European Directive 2012/28 / EU on certain permitted uses of orphan works promotes the adoption by Member States of the measures necessary to ensure that information on orphan works is recorded in a single online database for all states of the European Union. In October 2014, the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) launched this database with the aim of collecting all relevant information about orphan works held by European cultural institutions, providing unique online access point, harmonized and transparent for the declaration of orphan works. In this context, an analysis and assessment of the current status of orphan works in Europe is presented, taking as the data source the exploitation of the public records of the European Database of Orphan Works.

Is There a Solution to the Orphan Works Problem? Exploring the International Models

“…The results obtained by multiple research teams [5][6][7] have confirmed through relevant evidence that only the United Kingdom has set up detailed procedures or guidelines to deal with diligent searches about orphan works.…”

“…In the United States, this principle is governed by Title 17 of the Copyright Law and is being used as an effective solution for the problem posed by orphan works 3 . Cultural institutions wishing to engage in digitisation projects must rely on fair use to make their documentary heritage available on line.…”

“…The total number of orphan works declared and registered on the European Union Orphan Works Database comes to 5,142 records [5], implying an increase of 3,712 records with respect to the data reflected in the EUIPO Report for 2015 [8, p.50].…”

“…To this end, the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) handles the European Union Orphan Works Database, on which each competent national authority can register the information necessary to identify a work as an orphan in a country, so that it receives the same recognition throughout the European Union [3].…”

“…These would include the "The Hannah Arendt Papers" or "Prosperity and Thrift: The Coolidge Era and the Consumer Economy" and, in view of their historical and cultural value, they have been placed on-line partly by means of fair use formulas 5 , including usage clauses in the corresponding sections of "Copyright and Other Restrictions" [10].…”