Analisis Faktor Determinan Permasalahan Pelayanan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak

Abstract

Masalah kesehatan yang dihadapi Indonesia kini adalah status kesehatan masyarakat yang rendah, antara lain ditandai dengan angka kematian ibu dan bayi yang tinggi serta masih banyak indikator pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak (KIA) yang belum ideal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuifaktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan pelayanan KIA. Desain penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah cross sectional, data faktor predisposisi dikumpulkan dari 550 orang responden yang tersebar di 4 kabupaten/kota dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Selanjutnya,data faktor determinan yang lain dikumpulkan dengan wawancara pada informan antara lain kepala dinas kesehatan kabupaten/kota dan kepala subdinas kesehatan keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor predisposisi yang berhubungan dengan pelayanan KIA yaitu sikap responden, pengaruh orang yang memutuskan pemilihan pelayanan kesehatan dalam keluarga, serta pengetahuan responden terkait pelayanan KIA. Diketahui juga bahwa masih banyak kepercayaan masyarakat terkait aspek KIA yang belumsesuai dengan nilai-nilai kesehatan. Faktor pemungkin yang berhubungan dengan pelayanan KIA antara lain distribusi tenaga kesehatan masih belum merata, kualitas ketenagaan pemberi pelayanan KIA belum ideal, dan sarana pendukung pelayanan belum memadai. Faktor pendorong yang berhubungan dengan pelayanan KIA antara lain belum ada kebijakan daerah sebagai acuan, dana pendukung pelayanan belum memadai serta kuantitas kegiatan yang seharusnya dilakukan secara lintas sektoral masih banyak yang belum terealisasi dan belum optimal.Kata kunci: Kesehatan ibu dan anak, permasalahan pelayanan, pelayanan kesehatanAbstractThe current issue of health in Indonesia is the low status of public health, among others, characterized by high rates of maternal and infant mortality and many indicators of maternal and child health (MCH) services that have not been ideal yet. This study aims to determine the factors associated with problems of MCH services. This design used in this research is cross sectional. Predisposing factor data were collected from 550 respondents who were scattered in four districts using a questionnaire. Furthermore, another determinant factor data were collected by interviewing the informants, among others, chief of district health department, Head of Sub Office ofFamily Health. The results showed that the predisposing factors associated with MCH services is the attitude of the respondent, the influence of people who make decisions in family health care, respondents’ knowledge related to MCH services. Please also note that there are still many aspects of MCH related public trust that has not been in accordance with the values ofhealth. Enabling factors associated with MCH services including the distribution of health workers is still not equitable, quality of MCH service workforce has not been ideal and service support facilities have been inadequate. Reinforcing factors associated with MCH services, among others, the lack of regional policy as a benchmark, the fund has not been adequate support services, the quantity of activities that should be done across sectors is still much that has not been realized and is still not optimal.Key words: Mother and child health, service problem, health care

Health Services, Maternal Intrinsic and Socio-Cultural Factors and Perinatal Mortality

“…This result aligned with one conducted by Zahtamal (2011), in Riau, stated that payment method related with health financing is free variable that has firm connection with infant health with p value = 0.001 and PR = 4.884. The result also support Fuadi in Zahtamal (2011), mentioning self health payment is economically suffering to mother and the family since health cost do expensive so they can't access sufficient health service.…”

“…This result different than Juliwanto in Zahtamal (2011), stated that there are still many believes in community that not suitable with health values become deciding factor in poor public health service, such as common habit in choose birth assistant. Parenden (2014) also showed that mother habit to choose birth process assistant strongly related with local tradition/culture.…”

Perspektif Masyarakat Tentang Akses Pelayanan Kesehatan

“…Contoh dari fenomena ini adalah pada program Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA), dimana Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) di beberapa wilayah masih cukup tinggi. Banyak penelitian yang menyatakan bahwa angka kejadian AKI dan AKB tinggi dikarenakan salah satu faktornya adalah akses yang sulit untuk mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan (Laksono & Hidayati, 2008) (Zahtamal et al, 2011) (Laksono & Pranata, 2013) (Astuti & Laksono, 2014) (Suraya et al, 2016).…”

Continuous Technical Guidance for Public Health Center Officer Based on Training Evaluation

“…Some were revealed through research such as the development of health promotion models for rural-based pregnant women in Banyumas (Gamelia et al, 2016). In addition, there is the effect of multilevel intervention in the promotion of occupational health against metabolic syndrome components among workers (Zahtamal & Chandra, 2011). Another study of empowerment for school cadres (small doctors) can improve handwashing behavior, through six stages of integrated School Health Efforts that are a combination of fit for school and school health efforts selected models (Solehati et al, 2017).…”