Analisis Jumlah Sel Monosit yang Mengekspresikan Tnf-Α setelah dipapar Porphyromonas Gingivalis dan Tulang Ikan Kuniran (Upeneus Sulphureus) dengan Teknik Imunositokimia

Abstract

Monocytes play a role in the first defense against microorganisms that harm the body by activating nuclear factor kβ (Nf-kβ) which is the main regulator of inflammatory genes, one of which is TNF-α. TNF-α at excessive levels will cause tissue damage. Therefore an immunomodulator is needed which can regulate the body's immune system. One natural ingredient that acts as an immunomodulator is fish bones. Purpose of research: To analyze the effect of goatfish’s bone extract on TNF-α expression in human monocytes exposed to P. gingivalis. Method: experimental laboratories in vitro. TNF-α expression was tested by imunocytochemical techniques. Results: The results showed that the average number of monocytes expressing TNF-α in group P1 (group of diclofenac sodium) was 42.33 cells per cell. In the P2 group (P. gingivalis group) was 95 cell percent cells and for P3 (fish bone group) was 74.33 cells per cell and the control group was 11.66 cells per hundred cells. Conclusion: goatfish’s bone extract can act as an anti-inflammatory which is effective in reducing TNF-α expression in monocyte exposed to P. gingivalis but less effective than diclofenac sodium.

THE EFFECT OF KASTURI LEAF EXTRACT ON THE HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL EXPOSED TO PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY X-Rays

“…This very large increase in ROS can cause oxidative stress. 18 Flavonoid compounds in kasturi leaf extract can act as antioxidants due to the position and number of large hydroxyl groups. The large number of flavonoid hydroxyl groups is used for scavenging or capturing free radicals that exist.…”

Efektivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Tulang Ikan Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) terhadap Streptococcus mutans dan Porphyromonas gingivalis

“…Putranto et al 17 melaporkan bahwa tulang ikan mengandung dua bagian yaitu bahan organik sekitar 30,54% (bk) yang terdiri dari protein 28,04%, lipid 1,94% dan karbohidrat 0,56%, serta bahan mineral anorganiknya sekitar 69,46% (bk) yang terutama terdiri dari 59,69% kalsium (Ca) dan 35,81% fosfor. Domini et al 18 menyebutkan bahwa tulang ikan juga mengandung macam-macam asam amino, omega 3, omega 6, flavonoid, dan tannin yang berperan sebagai anti inflamasi. Selain itu, tulang ikan juga merupakan polikation bermuatan positif yang dapat mengikat anion-anion pada permukaan bakteri sehingga dapat menyebabkan terganggunya permeabilitas membran bakteri.…”