“…Several studies have used scoring rubrics to measure problem-solving and proving abilities based on Polya's version of problem-solving steps (Anhar et al, 2019;Kurniawan et al, 2019;Mahfuddin & Caswita, 2021;Riyadi et al, 2021). Another version of using a scoring rubric to measure problem-solving or proving skills can also be adopted from Newman's criteria, even though Newman's criteria are used to see the types of errors that may occur in solving mathematical problems (Arifin, 2021;Cahyani et al, 2020;Clements & Ellerton, 1996;Fallo et al, 2021;Firdaus, 2021;Nurikawai et al, 2021;Singh et al, 2010;Siskawati, 2020;Sutama & Indriyani, 2021;Wardhani & Argaswari, 2022;White, 2009). Related to a person's process in solving problems, Newman (as cited in White, 2009, p. 251) explains that there are five sequential steps that a person must go through in solving problems.…”