Analysing the South African residential sector's energy profile

Bohlmann, Jessika; Inglesi‐Lotz, Roula

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2018.07.052

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The South African residential sector has been increasing its electricity consumption overtime, especially since the early 2000s (Eskom, 2015;Bohlmann & Inglesi-Lotz, 2018; DoE, 2019) -as can be seen in Figure 1, with the exception of 2014/15, where South Africa experienced its second wave of load-shedding 1 and consumers were forced to reduce their electricity consumption 2 . The increases in electricity consumption in the South African residential sector can be mainly attributed to the government's commitment to achieve universal electricity access by 2025, which has led to a household electrification rate of almost 90 percent in South Africa (IEA, 2016;DoE, 2017;StatsSA, 2013, Bohlmann & Inglesi-Lotz, 2018. This commitment to universal access to electricity started in the early 1990s and was emphasised later on in 2002 when the Integrated National Electrification Programme (INEP) -the main electrification programme in South Africa -was introduced (Bohlmann & Inglesi-Lotz, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increases in electricity consumption in the South African residential sector can be mainly attributed to the government's commitment to achieve universal electricity access by 2025, which has led to a household electrification rate of almost 90 percent in South Africa (IEA, 2016;DoE, 2017;StatsSA, 2013, Bohlmann & Inglesi-Lotz, 2018. This commitment to universal access to electricity started in the early 1990s and was emphasised later on in 2002 when the Integrated National Electrification Programme (INEP) -the main electrification programme in South Africa -was introduced (Bohlmann & Inglesi-Lotz, 2018). Increases in residential electricity consumption have been re-enforced with the introduction of the Free Basic Electricity Programme (FBE) in 2003, which provides 50 kWh of free electricity per month to low-income households to help them cover their basic energy needs (DME, 2003;Bohlmann & Inglesi-Lotz, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This commitment to universal access to electricity started in the early 1990s and was emphasised later on in 2002 when the Integrated National Electrification Programme (INEP) -the main electrification programme in South Africa -was introduced (Bohlmann & Inglesi-Lotz, 2018). Increases in residential electricity consumption have been re-enforced with the introduction of the Free Basic Electricity Programme (FBE) in 2003, which provides 50 kWh of free electricity per month to low-income households to help them cover their basic energy needs (DME, 2003;Bohlmann & Inglesi-Lotz, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining the determinants of electricity demand by South African households per income level

Bohlmann

Inglesi‐Lotz

2021

Energy Policy

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For the period 1975-2016, this paper examines the determinants of the residential demand for electricity in South Africa including disposable income, electricity prices, food prices as well as the impact of the 2007/08 load-shedding wave and the 2008 electricity price restructuring. Given the high income inequality levels in South Africa, this relationship was investigated at aggregated and disaggregated income levels. Based on an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, the empirical results indicate long-run cointegration between residential electricity consumption, gross national disposable income, electricity prices and food prices. Disposable income elasticities have a positive sign for the aggregate and all income groups, indicating that as income increases, South African households consume more electricity (normal good). As expected, price elasticities are negative and significant-for both the aggregated and disaggregated models-indicating that electricity prices do influence electricity demand for all South African households. The paper also examines the complementarity or substitutability of food and electricity. At both the aggregated and disaggregated income levels, the results showed that food and electricity are substitute goods for all South African households. However, as expected, the magnitude of this relationship is marginally different for each income group.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining the determinants of electricity demand by South African households per income level

Bohlmann

Inglesi‐Lotz

2021

Energy Policy

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“…The mining industry is under financial pressure because of factors such as the cost of electricity, which was not a problem from inception until the recent South African energy crisis [1,2]. It was subsequently not in the spotlight from a mining perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This further led to an increase in tensions as unemployment and poverty levels increased [3]. Energy reduction projects have been ongoing from the late 2000s [4], but with the South African energy crisis of 2008, in which year there was also a substantial increase in electricity tariffs, they started to accelerate [1,2]. Van der Zee [5] found that, in a typical South African underground platinum mine, electricity costs were approximately 24% of the total expenditure of the mine in 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holistic analysis of the effect on electricity cost in South Africa’s platinum mines when varying shift schedules according to time-of-use tariffs

Shaw¹,

Mathews

Marais

2019

J. energy South. Afr.

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In the past the cost of electricity was not a significant concern and was not common practice for mining companies to consider peak time-of-use (TOU) tariffs for their shift schedules. It has become more prevalent, as TOU tariffs continue increasing, to consider energy saving important. A study was carried out to analyse the mining operation of a South African deep-level platinum mine in respect of integrated load management, shift changes and TOU schedules. This was achieved by thoroughly analysing energy consumers, mine operational schedules and their interconnectedness. A specific mining system was analysed as a case study and a maximum savings scenario was determined, using the methodology formulated. The maximum savings scenario schedule change resulted in a 1.3% cost reduction. System improvements had an additional potential reduction effect of 8.4%, which was primarily the result of a reduction in compressors’ power consumption. The implications of the proposed schedule adjustments necessitated a realistic scenario. The realistic scenario had an effective financial reduction of 0.7%. The realistic schedule change, however, opened the door for large system operational improvements, which could increase the reduction potential by 7.6%. The study methods described illustrate the potential implications of integrated load management and operational schedule optimisation on the power demand and cost savings in the mining industry, specifically focusing on deep-level platinum mines.

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Examining the determinants of electricity consumption in the nine South African provinces: A panel data application

Sehlapelo

Inglesi‐Lotz

2022

Energy Science & Engineering

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South Africa has been experiencing a series of power cuts since 2008 due to the state-owned electricity distributor's (Eskom) insufficient power generation capacity. The ongoing energy crisis has negatively impacted the growth and development of the South African economy. Therefore, it is imperative to have an insight into what explains electricity demand in an attempt to address issues facing the energy sector and electricity access at the provincial level. The study's main objective is to examine the determinants of electricity demand in the nine South African provinces from 1995 to 2019 to highlight regional intervention and policy implementation potential. The empirical examination was carried out through two-panel estimation techniques, namely Fixed Effects and the Pooled Mean Group, to account for timeinvariant unobservable individual aspects that can be associated with the observed explanatory variables and to provide both short-and long-run coefficients thus allowing the intercept, the slope coefficients and the regression for electricity demand to be province-specific in the short-run.The results demonstrate the importance of examining the demand for electricity at the provincial level and providing critical province-specific developments that can potentially influence economic growth.

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Analysing the South African residential sector's energy profile

Cited by 38 publications

References 27 publications

Examining the determinants of electricity demand by South African households per income level

Examining the determinants of electricity demand by South African households per income level

Holistic analysis of the effect on electricity cost in South Africa’s platinum mines when varying shift schedules according to time-of-use tariffs

Examining the determinants of electricity consumption in the nine South African provinces: A panel data application

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