Analysis and Characterization of Manufactured Nanoparticles in Aquatic Environments

Hassellöv, Martin; Kaegi, Rälf

doi:10.1002/9781444307504.ch6

Cited by 80 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 187 publications

(196 reference statements)

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“…Because of the addressed size range (a few Å to approximately 100 nm), only a few techniques, such as electron and atomic force microscopy, can achieve sufficient spatial resolution to distinguish even the smallest individual particles, that is, approximately 1 nm (1 nm resolution in atomic force microscopy is limited to the Z dimension). Imaging-based techniques often suffer from tedious sample preparation, poor sensitivity, and an inability to provide quantitative data for a representative sample [3].…”

Section: Available Analytical Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous review articles have described many of the available analytical techniques [2,3]. What is lacking in the literature is a description of how the basic approaches and analytical workflows differ for nanomaterial detection and analysis relative to traditional analytical techniques for molecules and trace elements.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For CeO 2 , the particles density of 7.65 g/cm 3 (may be slightly different for nano-CeO 2 ) can be used in a density gradient ultracentrifugation separation step using sodium or lithium polytungstate heavy liquids. However, the natural CeO 2 ENPs, as well as some abundant higher density natural metal oxide nanoparticles, may be found in the separated heavy fraction as well, because of the maximum density of 3 g/cm 3 of most heavy liquids.…”

Section: Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Application of techniques used in traditional colloid science can serve as a good starting point [2]. Engineered nanomaterial behavior and toxicity are influenced by a wide variety of physical and chemical properties, such as chemical composition, surface functionality, particle size, surface area, redox state, crystallinity, and solubility [3]. Future analytical strategies must be tailored to account for not only the sample and particle type, but also the specific question or hypothesis to be addressed, because characterizing every possible property for every sample would be impossible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Analysis of engineered nanomaterials in complex matrices (environment and biota): General considerations and conceptual case studies

Kammer

Ferguson

Holden

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

408

241

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Section: Available Analytical Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Analysis of engineered nanomaterials in complex matrices (environment and biota): General considerations and conceptual case studies

Kammer

Ferguson

Holden

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

408

241

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our conclusion was that another technique should be used for size measurements, and thus NTA was introduced into our protocol. The zeta potentials were all negative (between -30 and 0 mV) and indicate a tendency to flocculation or co-flocculation (homo-or hetero-aggregation) in natural waters or sewage, as only particles with a zeta potential >+30 mV or <-30 mV are considered as electrostatically stable [28].…”

Section: Emission Of Colloidal/np Elements By Engineered Nanomaterialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral Nanoparticles in Waste: Potential Sources, Occurrence in Some Engineered Nanomaterials Leachates, Municipal Sewage Sludges and Municipal Landfill Sludges

Hennebert¹,

Anderson²,

Merdy³

2017

J Biotechnol Biomater

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Environmental assessment of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) currently suffers from lack of data on production, emission, behaviour and fate in natural compartments. This paper aims to bring factual data on production amounts of ENPs and emission of mineral elements in a colloidal or nanoparticulate forms stemming from products, (e.g. cosmetics, paints, concretes) and from two potential waste sinks, namely municipal sewage sludge and nonhazardous waste landfill sludge. Based on the declaration of production and importation of ENPs in France in 2014, we set out a classification of ENPs substances comprising carbon black, organic pigments, miscellaneous organic substances and mineral ENPs. These mineral ENPs were sub-classified on the basis of production and CLP ecotoxicological and hazard classifications. Major elements (Group #1) encompass ENPs substances ubiquitous in total contents, and also as a colloid fraction in waste leachates (Si, Ca, Ti, Al, Mg, Fe, Mn, P). Minor elements were divided as ENPs with soluble substances and dissolved metal ions non-classified as ecotoxic (Group #2: Ba, Bi, Cr (III), Sr, Zr, La, Pd, Mo, W, Y, Au) or with soluble substances classified as ecotoxic and hazard statement code in the CLP regulation (Group #3: Ce, Cu, Zn, Ni, Sb, Ag, Co). Paints, concrete and particularly cosmetics proved to be sources of ENPs. Colloidal forms of elements or ENPs were found in leachate obtained from paint (Si), in cosmetics leachates (Al, Si, Ti and Zn), and in one demolition concrete (Ti). No nanoparticulate forms or fraction of Ag, Ce, Ti and Zn were identified by TEM/EDS in municipal sewage sludge. However, sewage sludge could be a sink for Group #3 elements such as Ag and Ce, since their total concentrations were significant. Based on landfill leachates from municipal solid wastes, the colloidal fraction frequently contained elements of Group #3 (Ni, Zn, Cu, Co and Sb) but with low mean concentration and more rarely Ag and Ce, indicating that the fluxes of these elements from the landfill cells should be low, except for Ce. Landfills seem to not emit ENPs in their leachates. From a regulative aspect, monitoring of Ag in sewage sludge for agricultural use could be of concern.

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Nanoparticles: Environmental Effects

Pettitt

Römer

Lead

2012

Encyclopedia of Environmetrics

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Manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) possess novel physicochemical properties which may have unforeseen environmental effects. Accurately describing the ecotoxicity of NPs requires a more complete understanding of their properties and behavior in vitro . The metric chosen as the descriptor of dose can profoundly influence the interpretation of the dose‐response curve and derived ecotoxicity endpoints. Accurately determining the actual dose (or exposure) received by a test organism during ecotoxicity assays requires appropriate characterization of particles in situ in exposure media. Characterization should be conducted before and after exposure, as a minimum. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most common nanomaterial currently in commercial production and are predicted to have pervasive release to aquatic environments. Mechanisms of action for AgNPs are discussed and cytotoxic, genotoxic and whole‐organism endpoints are reviewed.

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Analysis and Characterization of Manufactured Nanoparticles in Aquatic Environments

Cited by 80 publications

References 187 publications

Analysis of engineered nanomaterials in complex matrices (environment and biota): General considerations and conceptual case studies

Analysis of engineered nanomaterials in complex matrices (environment and biota): General considerations and conceptual case studies

Mineral Nanoparticles in Waste: Potential Sources, Occurrence in Some Engineered Nanomaterials Leachates, Municipal Sewage Sludges and Municipal Landfill Sludges

Nanoparticles: Environmental Effects

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