Analysis and experimental evaluation of image-based PUFs

Shariati, Saloomeh; Standaert, François‐Xavier; Jacques, Laurent; Macq, Benoı̂t

doi:10.1007/s13389-012-0041-3

Cited by 19 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Aiming to amend the detrimental effects of experimental noise and generate time invariant binary strings, the raw output of the PUF is processed through fuzzy extractor techniques 46 combined with hashing approaches, like the random binary method 47 or the Gabor binary method 48 . These methodologies have been integrated in a general security framework that encompasses a holistic security analysis 37 . Figure 3b,c demonstrate a brief overview of the process that allows the generation of the binary strings (code-word) and the corresponding helper data (error correction bits).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1d ). The corresponding existing schemes, employ transparent tokens containing randomly micro-structures 1 , 36 , laser-engraved samples 37 , or sheets of regular paper 38 . Their security is based on the complexity of the underlying physical mechanism where a modelling attack would require the division of the token into wavelength sized voxels and solving Maxwell’s equations for each possible arrangement 36 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical Unclonable Function based on a Multi-Mode Optical Waveguide

Mesaritakis

Akriotou

Kapsalis

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Physical unclonable functions are the physical equivalent of one-way mathematical transformations that, upon external excitation, can generate irreversible responses. Exceeding their mathematical counterparts, their inherent physical complexity renders them resilient to cloning and reverse engineering. When these features are combined with their time-invariant and deterministic operation, the necessity to store the responses (keys) in non-volatile means can be alleviated. This pivotal feature, makes them critical components for a wide range of cryptographic-authentication applications, where sensitive data storage is restricted. In this work, a physical unclonable function based on a single optical waveguide is experimentally and numerically validated. The system’s responses consist of speckle-like images that stem from mode-mixing and scattering events of multiple guided transverse modes. The proposed configuration enables the system’s response to be simultaneously governed by multiple physical scrambling mechanisms, thus offering a radical performance enhancement in terms of physical unclonability compared to conventional optical implementations. Additional features like physical re-configurability, render our scheme suitable for demanding authentication applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Unclonable Function based on a Multi-Mode Optical Waveguide

Mesaritakis

Akriotou

Kapsalis

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…Their recovery is achieved through a Fuzzy Extractor scheme [4,5]. The Fuzzy extractor scheme essentially maps every hashed response to a unique bit-string output and it is comprised of two phases; the enrollment and the verification phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random Number Generation from a Secure Photonic Physical Unclonable Hardware Module

Akriotou

Mesaritakis

Grivas

et al. 2018

Communications in Computer and Information Science

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Abstract. In this work, a photonic physical unclonable function module, based on an optical waveguide, is demonstrated. The physical scrambling mechanism is based on the random and complex coherent interference of high order optical transverse modes. The proposed scheme allows the generation of random bitstrings, through a simple wavelength tuning of the laser source, that are suitable for a variety of cryptographic applications. The experimental data are evaluated in terms of unpredictability, employing typical information theory benchmark tests and the NIST statistical suit.

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“…Despite the tremendous improvement on the time performance, once again, this improvement may not suffice in a real-world system. Other time improvements may include parallelization of the software application and/or reducing the image to hash codes [22,55,56]. Comparing with other state-of-the-art works, Takahashi et al [12] measured a time of 0.827 s to perform 1 vs. 1 comparison, while Wigger et al [15] reported a time to perform 1 vs. 1 comparison (The authors state that: "in the present case of 115 PCB parts, the identification process for one part takes 1.11 s", so we are assuming that is the time needed to perform 115 comparisons (the identification process does not stop after finding a correct correspondence).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the appearance of the PUFs in 2001, several object types were proposed as candidates to PUF systems, such as Optical PUFs [19,20], Image-based PUFs [21,22], Coating PUFs [23,24], Silicon PUFs [25], SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) PUFs [26][27][28][29], Paper PUFs [8,30], Arbiter PUFs [31], Reconfigurable PUFs [32], Ring Oscillator Pufs [33,34], RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) PUFs [35], among others. This work focuses on image-based PUFs because as the authors are interested in its scope.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cork as a Unique Object: Device, Method, and Evaluation

2018

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Unique Objects (UNOs) are relevant for real-world applications such as anti-counterfeiting systems. In this work, cork is demonstrated as a UNO, part of the Physical Unclonability and Disorder (PUD) system. An adequate measurement kit (illumination device) and recognition method are also devised and evaluated. Natural hills and valleys of the cork are enhanced using the illumination device and the overall robustness of the recognition application inherent to UNOs is presented. The lighting device is based on grazing light and the recognition task is based on a local feature detector and descriptor called ORB - Oriented FAST (Features from Accelerated Segment Test) and Rotated BRIEF (Binary Robust Independent Elementary Features). The performance evaluation utilizes a private cork database (1500 photos of 500 cork stoppers) and three public iris databases. In the tests carried out on the illumination device, the results clearly show the success of capturing stable/repeatable features needed for the recognition task in the cork database. This achievement is also reflected in the perfect recognition score achieved in the cork database, in the intra-distance measure μ i n t r a , which gives the notion of average noise between measures, and in the inter-distance μ i n t e r which provides hints about the randomness/uniqueness of a cork. Regarding the recognition application, its effectiveness is further tested using the iris databases. Regardless of the fact that the recognition algorithm was not designed for the iris recognition problem, the results show that the proposed approach is capable of competing with the techniques found in the literature specially designed for iris recognition. Furthermore, the evaluation shows that the three requirements that constitute a UNO (Disorder, Operability, and Unclonability) are fulfilled, thus supporting the main assertion of this work: that cork is a UNO.

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Analysis and experimental evaluation of image-based PUFs

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Physical Unclonable Function based on a Multi-Mode Optical Waveguide

Physical Unclonable Function based on a Multi-Mode Optical Waveguide

Random Number Generation from a Secure Photonic Physical Unclonable Hardware Module

Cork as a Unique Object: Device, Method, and Evaluation

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