Analysis and Identification of the Chemical Constituents of Ding‐Zhi‐Xiao‐Wan Prescription by HPLC‐IT‐MS<sup><i>n</i></sup> and HPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS

J of Separation Science

et al. 2020

Self Cite

As a well-known traditional Chinese medicine formula, Ding-Zhi-Xiao-Wan has long been used for the routine treatment of Alzheimer's disease. However, the mechanism of Ding-Zhi-Xiao-Wan in treating Alzheimer's disease is unclear. Therefore, a nontargeted metabolomics method based on ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry has been established to explore the metabolic variations in the urine of Alzheimer's disease rats and investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Ding-Zhi-Xiao-Wan on Alzheimer's disease. To develop a better rat model of Alzheimer's disease, amyloid β25-35 was injected into the bilateral hippocampus of Sprague-Dawley rats. Multivariate analysis approaches were applied to differentiate the urine components between the four groups. Thereafter, a targeted metabolomics method was used to verify the identified endogenous metabolites and determine the mechanism of action of Ding-Zhi-Xiao-Wan. Altogether, 26 potential biomarkers were found, of which 15 biomarkers (10 of which are potential biomarkers found in nontargeted metabolomics) were identified. The results show that Ding-Zhi-Xiao-Wan mainly affects the pathways of taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and phenylalanine metabolism. Ding-Zhi-Xiao-Wan might play a role in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease by mediating antioxidative stress, regulation of energy metabolism, improvement of intestinal microbes, and protection of nerve cells.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…In this study, the QC sample was determined by taking 50 μL of the urine samples. Before subjecting the samples for analysis, the QC sample was run to equilibrate the system five times, and then the QC sample was injected for every six samples during the analytical run to observe the repeatability and stability of the system [6,18].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A metabolomic study of the urine of rats with Alzheimer's disease and the efficacy of Ding‐Zhi‐Xiao‐Wan on the afflicted rats

Wang

J of Separation Science

et al. 2020

Self Cite

“…2a ). We then matched these 17 peaks with the accurate mass (MS) and the molecular formula of known compounds isolated from Polygala according to reported literature values 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 32 33 34 35 and the “Dictionary of Natural Products” 36 . Finally, the chemical components present in peak 1–4, 6–11 and 15–17 of C5 were identified ( Table 1 and Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of novel autophagic Radix Polygalae fraction by cell membrane chromatography and UHPLC-(Q)TOF-MS for degradation of neurodegenerative disease proteins

Zeng

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

With its traditional use in relieving insomnia and anxiety, our previous study has identified onjisaponin B from Radix Polygalae (RP), as a novel autophagic enhancer with potential neuroprotective effects. In current study, we have further identified a novel active fraction from RP, contains 17 major triterpenoid saponins including the onjisaponin B, by the combinational use of cell membrane chromatography (CMC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to (quadrupole) time-of-flight mass spectrometry {UHPLC-(Q)TOF-MS}. By exhibiting more potent autophagic effect in cells, the active fraction enhances the clearance of mutant huntingtin, and reduces protein level and aggregation of α-synuclein in a higher extent when compared with onjisaponin B. Here, we have reported for the first time the new application of cell-based CMC and UHPLC-(Q)TOF-MS analysis in identifying new autophagy inducers with neuroprotective effects from Chinese medicinal herb. This result has provided novel insights into the possible pharmacological actions of the active components present in the newly identified active fraction of RP, which may help to improve the efficacy of the traditional way of prescribing RP, and also provide new standard for the quality control of decoction of RP or its medicinal products in the future.

“…According to previous reports [16][17][18][19][20], the compounds of KXS roughly include ginsenosides, polygala saponins, oligosaccharide esters, xanthones and triterpene acids. The representative compound standards were separately infused to LC-QTOF-MS to determine the diagnostic MS/MS product ions.…”

Section: Determination and Fragmentation Patterns Analysis For Represmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data was further processed with multiple data‐processing approaches, including mass accuracy screening, product ion filtering, and NLF using PeakView software (version 2.2, Sciex). The identification was based on accurate mass of precursor ion (< 5 ppm), isotopic pattern, fragmentation profile, and chromatographic behavior referring to previous reports .…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a systematic strategy for the global identification and classification of the chemical constituents and metabolites of Kai‐Xin‐San based on liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry combined with multiple data‐processing approaches

Wang

J of Separation Science

Yang

et al. 2018

To rapidly identify and classify complicated components and metabolites for traditional Chinese medicines, a liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method combined with multiple data-processing approaches was established. In this process, Kai-Xin-San, a widely used classic traditional Chinese medicine preparation, was chosen as a model prescription. Initially, the fragmentation patterns, diagnostic product ions and neutral loss of each category of compounds were summarized by collision-induced dissociation analysis of representative standards. In vitro, the multiple product ions filtering technique was utilized to identify the chemical constituents for globally covering trace components. With this strategy, 108 constituents were identified, and compounds database was successfully established. In vivo, the prototype compounds were extracted based on the established database, and the neutral loss filtering technique combined with the drug metabolism reaction rules was employed to identify metabolites. Overall, 69 constituents including prototype and metabolites were characterized in rat plasma and nine constituents were firstly characterized in rat brain, which may be the potential active constituents resulting in curative effects by synergistic interaction. In conclusion, this study provides a generally applicable strategy to global metabolite identification for the complicated components in complex matrix and a chemical basis for further pharmacological research of Kai-Xin-San.