Analysis, design and implementation of secure LoRaWAN sensor networks

Oniga, Bogdan; Dadarlat, Vasile; Poorter, Eli De; Munteanu, Adrian

doi:10.1109/iccp.2017.8117042

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Numerous research works showed the security vulnerabilities in LoRaWAN v1.0 [ 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 ]. Considered security vulnerabilities include the replay attack of join-request packet for OTAA, data packet replay attack in case of ABP, eavesdropping of data packets in ABP case, bit flipping attack between network server and application server, ACK spoofing, etc.…”

Section: Mac Layer Performance Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of LoRaWAN for IoT: From Technology to Application

Haxhibeqiri

Poorter

Moerman

et al. 2018

Sensors

Self Cite

467

213

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LoRaWAN is one of the low power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies that have received significant attention by the research community in the recent years. It offers low-power, low-data rate communication over a wide range of covered area. In the past years, the number of publications regarding LoRa and LoRaWAN has grown tremendously. This paper provides an overview of research work that has been published from 2015 to September 2018 and that is accessible via Google Scholar and IEEE Explore databases. First, a detailed description of the technology is given, including existing security and reliability mechanisms. This literature overview is structured by categorizing papers according to the following topics: (i) physical layer aspects; (ii) network layer aspects; (iii) possible improvements; and (iv) extensions to the standard. Finally, a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis is presented along with the challenges that LoRa and LoRaWAN still face.

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Section: Mac Layer Performance Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of LoRaWAN for IoT: From Technology to Application

Haxhibeqiri

Poorter

Moerman

et al. 2018

Sensors

Self Cite

467

213

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There are only a few studies address the LoRaWAN security [80,81]. Studies focus on the most important and the least secure stages of the LoRaWAN network protocol which is activation process [82].…”

Section: Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on LoRaWAN Architecture, Protocol and Technologies

et al. 2019

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Internet of Things (IoT) expansion led the market to find alternative communication technologies since existing protocols are insufficient in terms of coverage, energy consumption to fit IoT needs. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) emerged as an alternative cost-effective communication technology for the IoT market. LoRaWAN is an open LPWAN standard developed by LoRa Alliance and has key features i.e., low energy consumption, long-range communication, builtin security, GPS-free positioning. In this paper, we will introduce LoRaWAN technology, the state of art studies in the literature and provide open opportunities. Several LPWANs emerged on both licensed and unlicensed bands, LoRaWAN, Sigfox and, NB-IoT are widely deployed vital technologies [3].Sigfox is an ultra-narrow band network that is patented and operated by Sigfox. Sigfox occupies 100 Hz and operates at 433MHz, 868MHz and 915MHz frequencies depending on the geographical regions. Technology has strict constraints on the number of packets (140 per day) and the packet size (12 bytes) to be sent. Also, LoRaWAN has similar policies to prevent network congestion allowing channels to be available only %1 duty-cycle for EU 868MHz (See Section 2.4.7). NB-IoT is an ultra-narrow band technology developed by the 3GPP group which can be adopted on GSM and LTE networks. It occupies 200 MHz bandwidth and can reach up to 200 kbps data transmission speed. Compared to LoRaWAN, Sigfox and NB-IoT operated by global network operators which limit deployments of the private networks [4].An overview comparison of the three networks is shown in Table 1. When LPWAN characteristics are considered LoRaWAN becomes a strong candidate for both scientific and industrial uses cases.LoRa referrer to Long Range and a physical layer technology patented by Semtech [5].LoRaWAN is an open protocol proposed by the LoRa Alliance which enables the MAC layer for the network [6].In this study, we will introduce the technological aspects of LoRaWAN and the state of art studies fulfilled about LoRaWAN till today. LoRaWAN protocol was first released in 2015 and had a few minor revisions, the differences in the protocol has been highlighted in the relevant subsection. In the survey, we will introduce LoRaWAN in depth both technological aspects and the use cases of its different areas. We categorized literature studies as in Figure 1. Studies are classified as two main sections; network technology and the applications, each section has own sub-branches. The majority of the work is focused on the coverage tests and applicability of the technology for different fields from large scale smart city applications to personal tracking assets. However, there are still gaps in the literature where researchers can address these problems such as post-disaster communication, decentralized networks, network management, and Adaptive Data Rate.

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“…Also, the communication between the end devices and the rest of the network can be destroyed. To provide secure data transmission, an authentication mechanism for the gateways is necessary in order to prevent the network from attacks [ 97 ].…”

Section: Research Challenges and Recommendations For Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on the Security of Low Power Wide Area Networks: Threats, Challenges, and Potential Solutions

Alimi

Ouahada

Abu‐Mahfouz

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Low power wide area network (LPWAN) is among the fastest growing networks in Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. Owing to varieties of outstanding features which include long range communication and low power consumption, LPWANs are fast becoming the most widely deployed connectivity standards in IoT domain. However, this promising network are exposed to various security and privacy threats and challenges. For reliable connectivity within networks, the security and privacy challenges need to be effectively addressed with proper mitigation protocol in place. In this paper, a comprehensive review on the security feature of LPWAN is presented. The paper mainly focuses on analyzing LPWAN’s key cybersecurity architecture and it present a significant emphasis on how the LPWAN is highly attractive to intruders and attackers. This paper aims at summarizing recent research works on key LPWAN security challenges such as replay attack, denial-of-service attack, worm hole attack, and eavesdropping attack, the effect of the attacks, and most importantly the various approaches proposed in the literature for the attacks’ mitigation. The paper concludes by highlighting major research gaps and future directions for the successful deployment of LPWAN.

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Analysis, design and implementation of secure LoRaWAN sensor networks

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

A Survey of LoRaWAN for IoT: From Technology to Application

A Survey of LoRaWAN for IoT: From Technology to Application

A Survey on LoRaWAN Architecture, Protocol and Technologies

A Survey on the Security of Low Power Wide Area Networks: Threats, Challenges, and Potential Solutions

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